The History of the AVE
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- čas přidán 4. 07. 2024
- Buenos dias! :D
Carrying on from my last video, we now cast our eyes over to Spain, a nation which has delivered in 30 years more miles of high speed trackage than any other country in Europe, but has unfortunately paid the price for such an engineering endeavour through the failure to address more pertinent social and economic problems that have plagued the Iberian nation.
All video content and images in this production have been provided with permission wherever possible. While I endeavour to ensure that all accreditations properly name the original creator, some of my sources do not list them as they are usually provided by other, unrelated CZcamsrs. Therefore, if I have mistakenly put the accreditation of 'Unknown', and you are aware of the original creator, please send me a personal message at my Gmail (this is more effective than comments as I am often unable to read all of them): rorymacveigh@gmail.com
The views and opinions expressed in this video are my personal appraisal and are not the views and opinions of any of these individuals or bodies who have kindly supplied me with footage and images.
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References:
- Modern Railways Europe (and their respective sources)
- TrainWeb (and their respective sources)
- Russia Today (and their respective sources)
- Wikipedia (and its respective references) - Auta a dopravní prostředky
Let's take a moment to appreciate this channel for its 'no fuzz' attitude: no grandiose over the top intros..., no silly 'action' music..., no endless begging to like and subscribe..., no attempts to upsell to premium content on patreon..., just quality content!
I'm to a huge fan to the channel
Ikr this is clear also this channel give credit
And zero annoying adverts
I find the subdued fade-outs at the conclusion of each video to be rather soothing. Fantastic series to watch in a relaxed manner and still be entertained and informed.
And a very listenable narrator. Bravo.
Sorry: but buggar cost benefit studies. It’s public transport. I’m tired of things like that. If ‘cost benefit’ analysis had been around in the 19th century we likely wouldn’t have electricity, phone lines, sewage, piped water, drainage.
Exactly. And bugger privatized railroads. With a 40 billion euro investment, the fare could be free because the taxpayers have already payed for it. Thus the use would increase to levels where the investment would be a real societal benefit.
@@ingvarhallstrom2306 I wouldn't have entirely fare-free public transport. Just affordable. But yep, there's no need for some middleman wanting their own piece out of subsidies.
This is nonsense, because all these things were provided in the 19th century by for profit companies.... HSR is an incredible waste of money, can never be run profitable, apart from the Tokyo Osaka and Paris Lyon line. It is much better to invest in local railways, which actually serve the people.
@@kalle911 Research have proven there's large societal benefits with free public transport. Mostly that people that usually travel by car see it as a more viable transport. The only thing that stands in the way are kneejerk reactions from people like you. "But, but... We can't have free things?" It's not free, it's just paid for by all the people and not only the end user. Like how all the taxpayers subsidize car use by paying for all the roads, even those who don't even own a car pay for that.
@@ingvarhallstrom2306 whose research? Based on public transport in which cities?
The thing is the cost/benefit analysis would likely have missed things like the boost it's given to Spanish railway engineering in general. Notice how so many of the UK's new trains are built by CAF in Zaragoza? If Spain had let its railway industry to rot like the UK did, then they wouldn't be getting these export orders. The benefit of the engineering base you build goes way beyond the mere cost benefit of a particular AVE route.
Exactly. Also, providing your population with good transport links (passenger and freight) most likely increases domestic travel, business and trade.
Most infrastructure is never wasted.
Hi! Spanish subscriber here. Congrats on the excellent video (as always) and good Spanish pronunciation! Just a little caveat: although the controversy about the building of (so many) high speed lines in a country with so many problems as Spain is perfectly valid (corruption/overpriced contracts being the most undeniable) FEDEA is hardly an objective organization when it comes to the cost analysis benefit, as Abertis (a motorways toll company) and Repsol (Spain's biggest oil firm) are 2 of its main financial backers.
Apart from that, another brilliant video by my favourite transportation CZcamsr. Keep it up, you are a legend!
In continental Europe, the Talgo Pendular was and is still one of the most beautiful trains ever built. That train had hydraulics to change the track gauge from wide to standard. It used a special piece of track near the border and change the gauge at 30 mph. Brilliant. I rode it several times in the 80's and 90's from Barcelona to Zuerich. Really nice.
Great video! I'm really enjoying this series a lot! One thing I'd like to point out though: The LZB couldn't really be considered experimental at this stage anymore. At the time of construction it had already been in everyday use on several lines in Germany (Augsburg - Munich or Hamm - Gütersloh to name a few). In fact LZB actually slightly predates TVM, despite offering more functionality, making it the more reasonable option over TVM anyways. They're more similar than it may seem, however the biggest advantage LZB has is that it transmits a target distance, which means it provides greater track capacity than trackside signalling or TVM for that matter. It even allows for block sections shorter than the length of a train which is used to great effect on the Munich S-Bahn. This is probably due to it being developed for seamless implementation on the existing network, whereas TVM is a strictly LGV-only system that didn't need to be quite as fancy.
The History of the AvE would be another interesting vijayo.
But would probably involve a lot more drunken swearing and hammer throwing
Wuts vijayo
el locomotora españa tiene mucho chooch-o
@@smorris12 all good things BTW!
Indeed! Especially if Duclaw is invited to the Empire of Dirt!
The AVE Vs addressing social issues is a false dichotomy. What about fewer spend on the military or the royal family Vs more spending on social issues? The high speed railway was used to gain political support in the different regions, and every government did it, but it has also allowed citizens in the periphery to enjoy decent connections to the rest of the peninsula. Previously all investment was concentrated around a very few large cities (notably the airports of Madrid and Barcelona) and others had to make do with slow and unreliable transport links (some still do). This is an investment, more so than buying tanks, I would argue.
Mind you, in the event of another European land war, you'd want some tanks, right? And they're also handy for keeping pink unicorns away.
@@andysedgley may I inform you the spanish armed forces are not functional, under reports of people in the army and analysts it is said that the Spanish army is instead a means to feed military industrial complexes, it has been reported there isn't enough fuel, enough pilots for new helicopter, having spent a lot of time near rota naval base I can also tell you the aircraft carrier Is permanently in "standby" or "maintenance".
So yes, the military spending is not just pretty useless but also badly used
@@andysedgley What with everyone saying that the wars of the 21st century will not be fought with tanks... at least not within a block of highly interdependent developed economies and societies... Sure, buy tanks and don't develop the infrastructures that vertebrate territories and enhance economic opportunity. Looks like the right thing to do in the current context...
False dilemma fallacy. Money must be spent first and foremost in security and defence, but also on infrastructure and services. There is enough for both. What it shouldn't be spent on is the likes of worker unions, public subsidies for ideological lobbies, partial and superfluous ministries and a myriad of state secretariats, international cooperation, so-called "NGOs", the existence itself of autonomous communities and its duplication of burocracy and spending, let alone corruption and other useless bottomless pits for tax money.
By the way, the Spanish monarchy is the cheapest in terms of budget, even among other European countries which are republics. With an average of 1.6 million, probably less now, of the Spanish Royal Household against the some 60 million of the French presidency, well... Not to mention preserving a positive and historic institution like the monarchy is a moral imperative, it's also cheaper than the alternative.
@@El-Mengu sabes que hace un par de días se publicó que parte de los gastos de la casa real no se indican como tales en los presupuestos del Estado verdad?
In 50 years, the false discussion about cost benefit will be forgotten and the lines will all be a well used asset that the country will appreciate. When tomes are hard, goverments should do the big stuff, for the future yes, but also to keep industries working through the difficult times. The UK has delayed and is still having arguements about HS2 instead of reaping the rewards.
Spain has a wonderful system of both high-speed railways and motorways, both of which are largely empty. And let's not forget the Ciudad Real International Airport, which infamous for being a white elephant. Although having a different origin, these projects are not unlike the Grands Travaux Inutiles of Belgium: a waste of taxpayer's money on useless infrastructure projects.
It's one thing to build the Osaka-Tokyo Shinkansen in Japan where there was a real market for it; it's quite another to build high-speed railways in a country that, despite a long history as a major European and world power, is relatively sparsely populated, and has a GDP per capita that sits between those of Slovenia and Estonia.
I'm in favour of rail transport, and government investment in infrastructure. But this cannot come at the expense of financial prudence: you cannot simply throw money at things and hope for the best. One reason why Spain was hit so hard during the economic crisis was because a lot of economic activity came from building stuff for which there wasn't necessarily a market.
Some of the major problems of the AVE is that Renfe is directing all of the long distance services to this routes leaving the older routes with only conmuter services. This, adding the higher prices of AVE trains, has lead to ridiculous prices in some routes without any suitable alternatives. For example, the routes with AVE services have lost all night trains, and most of the intercity ones. Even so the majority of AVE routes except the Madrid-Barcelona are losing money.
Furthermore, they have decided to make high speed lines able to acommodate freight trains creating a mess that is not suitable for any competitive service and rising the cost of the lines even more.
Adding a last point, the Santiago de Compostela Alvia accident was caused not only by the higher speed of the train in the curve but for poor planing of the route, the train control system (ASFA) not suitable for high speed and the Frankestein that is the S/730 trains.
I think Spain kinda wants to build out a standard gauage network marketed as high speed and than change over to it. It would help them a lot with freight trains.
@ Is not like that because there are some standard gauge freight lines paralell to high speed ones. Also, the actual network could be migrated to standard gauge, it would be a logistical nightmare but then it will serve all of the same stations
@@imanolurruchigavina5661 but still have the problem of long routes through mountains.
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There's the additional capability with the S120/121 and S130/730 in that both designs can access the "classic" network via gauge-change facilities that they pass through without stopping- indeed, the diesel on the S730 is only needed on classic lines.
The Spanish HS lines are going to be a real testing ground for competition. SNCF's low-cost Ouigo brand is now running on Madrid-Barcelona using TGV Duplex, RENFE also have a low cost operator called "AVLO" on the same corridor, and next year Italian railways (FS) part-owned ILSA start full-service operations across the whole network, meaning four operators with seperate ticketing on some routes.
Ouigo will also soon go for Madrid-Valencia route and Seville and Malaga
Love AVE used it many times to get from Malaga to Madrid. Nice to see this video!
Think how much the tunnelling cost on this line especially around Málaga!
I always feel reminded of the school films back in the day - and I mean those on film reels. Very calm and without superfluous music or trying to be funny etc. That stands out, these days in particular where there is so much noise and “entertainment”. Great job!
Very good, but one quick thing to note is that there is a difference between the Avant sets and the Alvia sets. The Avant sets (s104 and s114) that you mentioned are fixed gauge for the high speed network, but the s120/121, s130 and s730 fall under the Alvia umbrella as they use both broad and standard gauge :)
Somehow, the concept of cost benefit analysis and state money being delivered in dump trucks just don't seem to go together. :)
Domestic air travel needs to be abolished as soon as possible. And what better way to do so by providing a suitable alternative in the form of a vast high speed rail network? Spain is actually prepared to minimise it's impact on climate change through travel, as as I see it, it os absolutely vital that they continue their expansion.
In some very large countries like the USA and Russia, domestic flights have merit. But not in Continental Europe.
@@AldanFerrox Tbh, even international flights within Europe are unnecessary. A proper high speed rail network would make it easily possible to travel from Berlin to Madrid within less then 10h. It would still be significantly longer then flying, I agree. But only half as long as travelling by car (which many families do).
I do believe that, in many regards, over land transport needs to return to the railways, as it is, and will remain for the long term future, the most effective way of transport.
Expecially freight ones. For some routes passenger airplanes still make sense, but freight doesn't have to hurry so much.
@@nicopavvi8494 With freight, the issue is less air then road traffic. Like, seriously, how can 50+ lorries be more efficient and cheaper then one train with 25 wagons?
@@Locomotiveman1994 Well, because everything is so close together. A flight from Berlin to Paris is more or less a domestic flight.
Great work mate :) well done, no nonsense, straight forward facts and relevant info.
Cool video! These are some of my favourite trains (Sucks they aren't in the UK!)
Just to add a bit more, new Talgo trains are expected to be delivered in 2023, the Talgo Avril, or Renfe S106. They will be very high trains, and 20 of them will have gauge change (something you didn’t mention, which are Talgo trains capable of changing gauge rapidly, when changing tracks without the need to change the train, system currently in service with the S130, S730 and S120).
AVE (Alta Velocidad Española), but also "ave" is a word for a 'bird' in Spanish, more uncommon than "pajaro".
Valladolid-Madrid, 220km, 1 hour, and a price of 20Euros.
Madrid-Barcelona, 650km, 2h30min and a price between 30 to 60 Euros.
That's a good price
Also Latin for 'hail' (e.g “Hail/Ave Caesar!“) or 'farewell'. A triple entendre if you will.
When it comes to major infrastructure, a ‘Cost-Benefit analysis’ is what you use when you don’t want something done. You can be sure that they will always capture all of the costs, but never all of the benefits.
The spanish Network was obsolet with designs from XIX Century with componies that need to construct cheap. The high speed connection is designed to create a New Network. Enginnering and prive to construct the Network is eficient and cheap if we compare with other projects in Europe.
Corrections: S104 and S114 trainsets are 1435mm gauge. S120, S121, S130 and S730 are gauge changing trains.
By the way, FEDEA is a lobby funded by oil companies, car manufacturer associations and airport managers.
Good effort in pronouncing Linienzugbeeinflussung, which is a mouthfull even for a native German speaker. :-D
That is indeed a mouthful, 5 minutes and I still can't pronounce it
There's a reason they call it LZB
Good stuff, focused on the topic, no needless drama just good information.
A bit more deep Background info on the Santiago de Compostela crash would've been nice, as I think the Line Design as well as the Designs of both ASFA and the S7000 trains contributed majorily in that.
It would have been, but I think it has been a bit obscure, at least outside of Spain. I think it occurred around a transition from the new line to an older one. There was a bit of speculation of some kind of distraction of the driver being part of it, but who knows? There was a similar incident in north east France, at the eastern end of the LGV Est a while back as well. Probably not identical but transitions from one to the other appear to be a but problematic sometimes.
The line was all new, so to speak. It wasn't that it transitioned from a new line to an old one, instead it's that part of it is high speed and another part is conventional speed. The part of the line where the accident took place is conventional speed, that curve is often criticized for being inappropiate for high speed and well, that's because it isn't high speed. As the protection system transitions from ERTMS to ASFA the driver is alerted to this, so no excuse there either. He was indeed distracted that day, even talking on the phone moments before the derailment.
That being said the accident brought about positive changes, from then on protection systems were reinforced to force the driver to first aknowledge the speed restriction and then slow down, when passing a speed limit signal. If the driver doesn't slow down the train automatically applies emergency brakes, to eliminate human error as in the famous Angrois curve.
@@El-Mengu But the point was if the train hadn´t been so heavy carrying fuel & just was running on 25kv overhead the train in all probability would have made it round the curve. The crash was mainly due to the weight of the train.
The main reason the train derailed was that the train was to heavy carrying diesel. If the train had just been running on the 25kv, with no diesel it would have probably made the curve!
One could argue that spain is future proofing its transport system - eventually, it will be able to ban internal flights and long distance vehicle use and therefore make a significant difference in co2 emissions.
That’s the train involved in the crash whilst going too fast round the bend
Great video as always! Would love to see an APT documental video.
Good video around data collection and historical dates but I think it focuses too much on the alleged controversies of the system. AVE was a revolution in the transport of passengers in Spain, reactivating the use of the train and winning the battle against the plane and the bus. Fedea's reports were biased (created by private companies) and the actual use of commercial services is of much more people than those mentioned (although until the liberalization of the railway sector is achieved and the new lines are amortized, they will not have a high performance of use yet).
Some sectors of the population have been criticizing this type of service for some time, considering it an elitist, expensive and centralist means of transport (Madrid) but in general the vision of the population of Spain is proud and values the AVE services very positively for their high quality in services and speed.
Have you ridden AVE and/or other RENFE trains? Spain has a pretty extensive high speed rail network. It may be pricier than flying to certain areas, but the train is amazing and easier than flying.
Málaga - Tarragona €69 each way, not that expensive.
when you were naming the routes i found it hard to visualise could you include maps of the train routes and such
been on the AVE from atocha to alicante brilliant experience brilliant journey
Love AVE. Madrid to León being my favourite line..
Thinking of going to Spain when I feel safe doing so, how good is AVE?
Ruairidh, would you ever do a video on the BR Class 90?
This is madness. Shinkansen and TGV have been running since 1960s which means they have been carrying people from one station to another since more then 50 years. What this does is infrastructure have developed around the stations and regions adjacent to the cities because of the HST connectivity. Public transport is just there to transport people from one place to another and if it is fast and efficient then slowly places will develop and give economic boost to the region. Compare Shinkansen and TGV ridership after 10 years they were installed and not 50 years to a 10 year old system.
Him trying to pronounce Linienzugbeeinflussung was absolutely magnificent xD
Saludos desde España 👋🏾
This is something I've always wondered, why when making a high-speed railway, do they not design it as a pretty much straight shot from point A to point B? except when making a curve is absolutely necessary?
Ideally they would but private property and large geographical features make a straight line usually impractical.
A Spanish engineer here. Spain is the second most mountainous country in Europe, you cannot move mountains or lakes or make linear traces, when the topography, subsoil geology or environmental protection of the area does not allow it. In the Netherlands, which is a flat country, you can make linear traces, in Spain it is almost impossible, unless you multiply the cost in an exaggerated way. Currently a section of track is being executed for the AVE in the Basque Country (northern Spain), a very mountainous area. To give you an idea with the same cost of 1 km of track in that area you can build 100 km in a flat area, the difference is in the bridges and tunnels, land containments that must be built so that the route of the road have the necessary tolerances for that type of infrastructure.
Another added problem is that the land through which the roads pass has owners and sometimes cannot be expropriated for various reasons.
czcams.com/video/p2Cwu5yRALQ/video.html
@@nomecreona3829 Thanks for your explanation! Just a quick comment: while the Netherlands might be flat, cost-effectively building rail lines is apparently beyond out government's reach.. :-/ the country is pretty full in some places, and thus a new rail line requires a ton of tunnels and underpasses, like the (freight) Betuwelijn... I envy the Spanish efficiency when it comes to building HSR.
@@Giruno56 Perhaps I did not give the most suitable example and didn´t pay close attention to details of that country specifically, of which I only know that it is essentially flatter than Spain. You are right, there are many complexities to build an infrastructure of this type and the one you mention is another of them, I was only trying to point out the most obvious ones to understand for a neophyte. Thank you for complementing my comment, so it is more informative for the person who asked the initial question.
What was it about Wisconsin Gov Walker's dislike of the term MADE IN USA that led him to cancel the Talgo trainset production project, first thing in office? Could it have been cancellation of all Talgo coach trainsets before the USAmerican public could ride them? and approve?
You should do the class 37
I'm interested in the opinion of the Spanish people: is AVE a better alternative for you compared to aviation, considering cost and travel time?
Yes! it has competitive times with the plane (in addition to the fact that the train arrives in the city center while the plane doesn't and the process at the airport is long), a high quality service, almost 100% punctuality and prices somewhat higher but that compensate for the above.
Depends on destination, time of year, ticket fare applied, how well the station or airport is connected to the city hub, travel time, etc. As a general rule of thumb, AVE is better for shorter distances and commercial airlines for flying across to the other side of the country.
The image reference could be smaller or fade out
5’ gauge would have been my choice for extra stability... HS2 is the white elephant here.
I remember that crash...
Imperial measurement for Spain??
No Spain uses metric rudarih just says it in imperial
@@eurostar3739 It would suit him to at least display metric measurements for all his international viewers, especially since this is an international topic
@@Giruno56 his main audience is from the UK as far as I’m aware but it’s a good point
So... It only needs a low public subsidy to meet its operating costs (0.2 cent per passenger km), fares are low, the trains aren't overcrowded, and it's one of the largest hs networks in the world... What exactly is the problem here?
And if anyone wants to know what AVE stands for. It's actually Alta Velocidad Española.
Something must have gone awfully wrong for the train to be travelling at twice the speed around the bend. It wouldn't be a deliberate action.
@Capt Shiny I thought he was late & trying to make up time. If the line was electrified & wasn´t carrying diesel he probably would have made the bend!
Your Spanish pronunciation sounds good
Set playback speed to 0.5x and Rory sounds so tired and fed up!
Creo que fue demasiado caro
Hmmm... vanity project. Reminds me of something very similar being built in the UK. I'm sure HS2 will be labelled with the same controversy and criticism as the AVE - low passenger numbers making it seem practically useless to most people, a white elephant, the government using the billions of pounds that they could use to actually solve economic and social inequalities in the UK rather than building a high speed train line to make it look like they care about the north-south divide as part of their other vanity project, the 'Northern Powerhouse'
National rail is national rail, I shan't complain.
Actually maybe Spain should build hs2,3&4 considering its price compared
Please tell us how to pronounce your name. We're saying 'Rurdy' but I'm sure that's incorrect.
Apparently it's 'Rory'
i would be proud of spain with competent high speed trains
Air travel needs to be taxed inline with its atmospheric damage.
It doesn't seem like a vanity project if it got so many people off planes and out of cars for domestic travel.
Rip the train in the thumbnail crashed badly
Sorry but your review is tremendously biased.
First, and in fairness to the global train industry, private enterprise and organization. Try to make a system like the AVE in any European country or (they are to mention in the USA) with the cost of this project, the AVE lines are very competitive. In the United States or the UK it would be unthinkable to do so many km in such a short time with that budget. UK just can't dream of it.
You have simply forgotten something very important, the km of high-speed track built by Spanish companies under the direction of ADIF is one of the most competitive in the world industry.
That is why Spain is the second country in the world with the most HST kilometers.
Second, the cost / benefit, as it is a public service, is not analyzed in that way, interconnecting the most important cities in the country, from coast to coast, has a direct impact on commerce and private businesses and on people. Tourism companies are very happy to have these connections. You can not say that the ticket is expensive or could be cheaper based on nothing, what are you going to compare it with? There is no price to go from seville to barcelona and barcelona to paris with that comfort, What country offers something like this? I already answer you, very very few.
This is simply not understood by you, nor by those who do not see beyond the private sector as the only means of progress.
And third, the economy of scale, technological development and R&D derived directly from the project helps the growth of the industry and not only of the Spanish one, if not of all the European companies involved. It is the commitment to buy German, French, Italian rolling stock etc. It is not because Talgo or CAF are not able to offer it, that they offer it, not only in Spain, but in many more countries around the world.
Europe is interconnecting with HST, and developing technology. For projects like this, they are leaders in the industry with dozens of referenced companies along the whole union..
True to Caesar
In the face of the climate crisis the existence of such system is only a good thing. There's no need to fly and it's a viable alternative to car traffic, which in turn brings benefits in urban environments.
Most of the funding actually came from the EU development funds, to which GErmany was and still is the largest contributor.
not most, a small percentage
And since quite a few years now, Spain has put more towards EU development funds than it has received in total.
But, but, but he's, Canadian...
what does White Elephant mean?
Something that costs a lot, needs a lot of care, but doesn't give much in return.
@@sheevone4359 thank you, but also thanks for making me realise that im a white elephant
@@jayamd3579 lol
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/White_elephant
You maybe should have mentioned that in addition to being an abbreviation of "Alta Velocidad Española", "ave" is also a Spanish word that means "bird".
Plus, you have totally butchered the German word "Linienzugbeeinflussung" :-) . A German would not even recognize it out of context.
He does really well with these multiple compound nouns for a non-native speaker. Incidentally, a British person would be unlikely to recognise your American spelling "recognize" out of context. 🤫
Also, it's notable that "AVE" is colloquial English for "have"; for example "'Ave it Martin for your insouciance". It may also refer to the track as being an avenue. I could go on. And probably will 😂
@@andysedgley"Recognize" with a Z is a recognized (!) spelling in British English. It is true that you can spell it with an S if you want to, but the Z spelling is fine for British and American English alike.
And no, he hasn't done well with this word. Not at all. Believe me. His pronunciation of many of the Spanish names also leaves a lot to be desired (I can tell although Spanish is not my native language), but ... well, fine. Many people don't realize that "Cádiz" carries an accent for a reason.
@@MartinIbert Watch a few American-voiced videos including "foreign" words, and you'll appreciate Rory some more. The spelling "recognized" isn't equally acceptable in Great Britain, yet. But some more American-voiced Movies and TV might change that.
Need a better service to Jaén - doesn't need to be AVE, just more trains
Great video, but you said ice wrong
Misschien handig om niet alleen kritiek te hebben maar ook aan te geven hoe het dan wel moet?
@@karegnal I- C- E
Zoals Ie-Cee-Ee
AVE is a robbery to the spanish people for the joy of few rich ones who really need to cross Spain in a day. Meanwhile, regions still keep the railways design built in XIX century from brittish colonialist mine companies. Alquife- Almería is one of them that is used today for the route Almería-Granada.
Oh, and about the load out. Yes, I met a lot of people on the trains, mostly tourists. I hardly ever saw any nationals. Price, maybe? Nut then again, what in Spain actually works properly. Really. Nothing.
Why doeth he have a lithp when he thpeakth thpanish
Metric would have been good.
*AVE? Did I hear CRASHING INTENSIFIES?*
Edit: YES, I did indeed hear CRASHING INTENSIFIES.
Has there ever been an AVE crash or a high-speed train crash in Spain, at all? No. Hmm, thought so.
@@El-Mengu yes there has been, it's even mentioned in the video, so you can't deny it
and to answer my own question, YES, I at least partially, DID.
A quick note: ICE trains in Germany: pronounced I. C. E. (I’m German)
Spanish citizens: "The economy is falling apart! Save us!"
Their government: "You will have a bunch of fast and expensive trains."
Citizens: "But we need social support, not more trains!"
Govt.: "I said, you will have TRAINS!"
First!
Bad mic - too much screeching, inconsistent pronunciation of words, no thanks.