Synthesis of nitrocellulose
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- čas přidán 20. 09. 2023
- Nitrocellulose is one of the most important materials for making resin and varnish
It also has a high burning speed
Today we make this important material from cotton
ingredients
Nitric acid
sulfuric acid
cotton
#chemical #reaction #science #Academic #fireworks #powder #acid
#alchemist #alkaline #gunpowder #nitro - Věda a technologie
1) To begin, after mixing the two acids, cool them in the refrigerator rather than an ice bath (note: cover the top of the beaker securely with a plastic bag).
2) Soak the cotton in the acid mixture for 24 hours.
3) Do not wash the nitrocellulose with baking soda water, but rather with cold water three to four times.
thanks 🌹
I used sulphuric acid 96% 60 ml with 37 grams of ammonium nitrate and 6 grams cotton sucked for 24 hours, and rinse it 3 times with water, but it didn't burn fast enough like nitrocellulose...
I like to save as much of the acids as possible. With a simple distillation you can recover both reagents and use them again for several runs. Or if you prefer you can add most any nitrate salt before distilling come out with more nitric acid than you started with. Personally I prefer calcium nitrate.
Hello
excellent👍
I was wondering if this could be done. Will there be less material than there was before though ?
Do the acids get used up is what I am wondering, Its fascinating the process.
@@BearValleyPyronitric does get used up sulfuric not though. The biggest loss of sulfuric is probably the mechanical loss of taking the wool out of the nitration mix
@@BearValleyPyro Some of the nitric acid gets chemically bonded to the cotton which is what makes it so flammable, the reaction also produces a little bit of water which dilutes the reaction mixture, it's also not possible to squeeze all of the reaction mixture out of the wet cotton so some of it gets washed away in the rinsing steps. So you get reasonably strong nitric acid distilling out, and dilute sulfuric acid with water and nitrocotton impurities left behind. Sulfuric has a much higher boiling point than water so you can regenerate it by turning up the heat to drive the water off. If you choose to add more nitrates before distilling then you're swapping sulfuric acid for nitric acid.
@@SolarSeeker45 thanks 👍🙏 that is really interesting 🤔
Nice!
Hi my Ferand is Very good 🎉🎉🎉
W0W 😮😮😮
❤🌹
Very nice, Looks good. It should burn way faster though and there should be no residue at all or if there is, very very little.
Everything can always be improved, I am not saying this in a mean way or to be rude.
How can mix it with aseton peroxid?
After all the processes, 30 grams of cotton turns into how many grams?
Something weird happened when I removed the fully nitrated cotton and attempted to reuse the acids for a second batch. The mix refused to soak the cotton thoroughly and it began to give off NO2 really deep orange (good thing I had my reservations so I was ready with my fume extraction rig). It appears that this is a one use only setup as it will totally decompose after it’s done the job. For those wondering if they can do what I did, there you have it man. DO NOT REUSE this!
Oh and the neutralization NaHCO3 was more “reactive” than normal complete with deep dark foam (scary stuff).
Edit: DO NOT LOSE RESPECT FOR ANY OF THIS STUFF EVEN IF IT LOOKS “INNOCENT” ENOUGH AS IT IS “JUST” COTTON. ALWAYS BE FULLY PREPARED AND READY TO ACT EXPECTING THE UNEXPECTED. My reaction and outcomes may not always match that of others. That is my #1 rule always!
You must let the cutton soak longer in the acid mix at last over 2hours. when you do it make the prove with very very small amount of guncutton because it gives an big red fireball and you feel the heat. No yellow part in the flame no ash remains and if you use an porcelan dish no yellow spot than you have real guncutton.
As soon as i mixed sulferic acid and nitric acid its start giveing red smoke , and become hot my beaker break too
Temperature control is very important
If you mix it with hydrochloric acid, it will smoke when it gets hot
Your gumcotton burns slow. It should make a plump noise with a quick flash. Maybe your cotton is a bit much for your acid mixture. Drying is also an issue, if your guncotton is becoming yellow while drying, it could be deteriorating, which lowers its quality. İf you are heating it, do not. Put on filter paper or newspaper and dry in room conditions. If you store it, will also deteriorate and gets yellow. Never store large amounts together, it can self ignite. There are compounds stopping this reaction.
Shouldn’t this be done under a fume hood while wearing PPE? Especially when dealing with a strong acid like H2SO4.
Don't worry my good friend 🌹
outside space
A fumehood won't protect you from H2SO4, as it isn't fuming, although it should be done in a ventilated area, as a nitration will likely leave NOx fumes. Good PPE, like goggle and gloves, should be used.
Is it soluble to acetone to make a NC Lacquer?
Yes, it can be dissolved in acetone, ethyl acetate and butyl acetate
Please do video for synthesis of Ammonium Perchlorate in different ways also. From ammonium sulfate, ammonium choride to Naclo4 and kclo4. Do not forget the burn test of it so we can know what is more efficient way to make a strobe rocket fuel. Thanks
Hello buddy
I have a few methods in mind that I need to test
I will do this
In filipines not sale ammonium perchlorate
I have been making potassium chlorate for two weeks
After that, I will start the synthesis of ammonium perchlorate
The basic equipment was a bit expensive
I will make interesting and very useful videos soon@@kassimselamat942
@@mctmap thank you sir for your vedio how to make nitrocellulose is very useful.for me
❤🌹@@kassimselamat942
sweet! flash cotton!
Thank you! Cheers!
What’s the temperature that you kept the mixture at?
The temperature should not be higher than 40 degrees Celsius
bro whe are you from:) ?
You should try turning this into a lacquer.
Hello buddy
Yes, it dissolves in solvents such as ethyl acetate
@@mctmaphòa tan bằng cách nào vậy bạn và bằng những dung dịch gì làm ơn chỉ căn kẽ hơn
A nitração foi imcompleta. Neste caso você deve esperar 24h e não 12h.
Hello
I tested before
The result is not much different
@@mctmap Eu acho a nitrocelulose, um explosivo muito ingrato, pois nós gastamos muito material, para pouquíssima produção. E ainda corremos o risco de uma nitração incompleta. Neste caso eu gosto muito do ETN, pois o resultado da produção é bem mais satisfatório. O RDX também. 👍👍🍀🍀🍀🍀💥💥💥💥💫
A lot of people use 1 to 1 ratio with sulfuric acid and nitric acid does that also work? Is it more effective to use the 1-2 ratio?
Hello buddy
Yes, only the speed of burning is reduced
@@mctmap thank u bro
Bạn hãy hướng dẫn điều chế cenlullose mononitrat
Its actually scary how easy this is.
Making concentrated nitric acid and purifying sulfuric acid to 98% isn't so easy
@@tarman420 no one was talking about making those.
@@tarman420truly is ,especially if you consider that you playing around with hot sulphuric acid at 330° a spilling or much worse cracking in glass apparatus while distilling in non safe environment is death wish! The nitric acid on the other hand is more "safe" (if you meaning safe playing with hot acids😒) , but still got the risk from sulphuric acid so is a cycle that never ends of danger! Some people think that a video on yt is easy to recreate because they don't understand that they are going to walk in dangerous grounds ! Chemistry is a nice subject and hobby i can say but without no proper safety gear , proper lab , proper precautions and proper knowledge is literally a dead man walking!
Can you use ammonium nitrate instead of nitric acid, and I what ratio?
Hello buddy
You can dissolve 80 grams of ammonium nitrate in 100 grams of concentrated sulfuric acid and add 10 grams of cotton to it.
If there is no ammonium nitrate, you can use 85 grams of sodium nitrate instead
I haven't posted a new video for a while. I will soon prepare useful videos for you
@@mctmap You mean 100 ml of sulphuric acid?
I tried with 60 ml of sulphuric acid and about 37 gr of AN, waiting an hour to fully dissolve, and adding 6 grams of cotton and let it for 24 hours
When I dried it it was burning more like a fuse not very fast, I will use it as fuse
The sulphuric acid I use was 96% and in it was a bit old with brown colour stored in a plastic 10 litre
When I did this the cotton was completely dissolved after like 6-8 hours......
Hello buddy 🌹
I encountered this problem once
I noticed that the reaction temperature was high
Before adding the cotton to the acids
Control the temperature below 40 degrees Celsius
If there is a problem again, you can tell me
Yep that was the problem i just have to dry it out now thanks for the help@@mctmap
@@mctmapbạn ơi nhiệt độ càng thấp càng tốt hả bạn
Hello, there seems to be an issue with your video. You didn't add all the sulfuric acid. You had 200g of nitric acid and 400g of sulfuric acid. Your beaker remained at around 200g. So, where is the rest of the sulfuric acid?
Hello my friend
The density of sulfuric acid is 1.84
It means that 100 ml of it weighs 184 grams
@@mctmap Okay, thank you, my friend. I really enjoy your videos.🧋🧋
Holy Molly
Where is it used?
Dynamite, i think
@@daniloeric9 you're thinking of nitroglycerin. dynamite is a mixture of nitroglycerin and diatomaceous earth. nitrocellulose is used in a lot of things as both a polymer and a propellant such as in some ping pong balls and also in modern gunpowder (smokeless powder)
Dynamite does not use nitrocellulose, it uses liquid nitroglycerin absorbed in charcoal or diatomaceous earth (same stuff as cat litter) wrapped in paper. Although, the same guy who invented dynamite Alfred Nobel, also invented another explosive called gelignite. Gelignite, or blasting jelly, is a mixture of nitroglycerin and collodion (nitrocellulose dissolved in ether).
Just about 150 years ago when they stopped making pool balls out of ivory they used nitrocellulose, and if you were to hit two balls together hard enough you'd see a little flash.
Everywhere in the firearms industry. It's the propellant used to propel bullets. Single based for nitrocellulose alone, it's more commonly processed with nitroglycerin though to adjust chamber pressures, just a small amount, along graphite and diphenylamine to adjust the burn rate and preserve the powder from decay. It's also used to make plastic, at least it was until it started spontaneously bursting into flames and burning entire movie theaters down. It was replaced by cellulose acetate which doesn't have the same issue.
Works better with white fuming nitric acid and oleum.
Because everyone has oleum....
@@PyroRob69 are you a chemist? If yes, make it yourself. If not you probably shouldn’t be messing around with stuff like this in the first place.
@@danielgailey9582 You obviously missed the point
@@PyroRob69 nah I get what you’re saying. Its not readily available to the general public. It’s not meat to be. It’s extremely dangerous and easy to seriously hurt yourself with.
@@danielgailey9582 My point is that if you know how to make white fuming nitric acid and oleum, you are not going to be watching YT to figure out how to nitrate cotton balls.
hello? are you there?
Hi dear friend
right here
@@mctmap I think you're on mute.
My English is a little weak and I can't speak well ❤🌹
@@infectedrainbow