Time Ran Slower in Early Universe, New Study Finds
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- čas přidán 1. 06. 2024
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Today we talk about the first evidence that time ran slower in the early universe, how to catch light, what astronomers think about the new starlink satellites, a breakthrough in quantum computing reported by Microsoft, what helps against tinnitus, better cooling for qubits, the Euclid Mission, laser scans of Ukrainian art, a metasuit, and of course the telephone will ring.
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00:00 Intro
00:28 First Evidence That Time Ran Slower in the Early Universe
02:56 Physicists Figure Out How to Catch Light
04:43 New Starlink Satellites are Less Bright (But)
07:21 Microsoft Reports Quantum Computing Breakthrough
09:35 Lasers Help Against Tinnitus
11:07 Better Cooling for Qubits
13:04 ESA Launches Euclid Mission
14:22 Laser Scans of Ukrainian Buildings
15:35 A Metasuit
17:27 Learn Science With Brilliant
#science #sciencenews #sabine - Věda a technologie
For comparison: the rate at which time currently flows is one second per second. But when time slows down, that rate drops to one second per second.
Brilliant and hilarious! I spit my coffee out through my nose.
I like the way you think 🤔
"Every 60 minutes in Africa, an hour passes"
can you convert that to metric?
how many would that be in watts-per-joule?
I wonder when they'll figure out how expansion actually affects time.
Sabine is the only source on the internet CLEARLY and CORRECTLY explaining what the "Time dilation in the early universe" headline actually MEANS.
No, there are many sources, but she is doing a good job explaining it for everyone to understand.
"Make time run slower with this one neat trick!"
she shoudl have mentioned the low confidence though (~2 sigma).
What a mindlessly stupid statement.
“ They found that the high best material to trap light was layers of overlapping metal…”. Did they find that that was the best material, or did they find that that was the best material of the ones they tested?
Great to see more research being done on tinnitus. I've had it for many years now and can attest that its not fun.
Yeah it really sucks.
For me it's like a reminder of mortality in the morning before I've even opened my eyes.
Sympathy and commiseration to all who have it. For thirty-nine years I felt like I'm in a high state of readiness. It's exhausting.
Even though I tune it out most of the time, as soon as I notice it's just really annoying and loud.
On the bright side, it's cheaper and less time consuming than raising crickets.
It makes perfect sense! When I was young everything took forever! Now that I’m 67 time just fly’s by!!
I appreciate your reporting on science in a way that most interested people can understand while not trying to make it more sensational than it actually is.
She’s got a real talent for that.
Yes indead.
comunicating like a norrmal person is not only very helpful for science and helpful for normal people, but it actually shows intelligence, atleast if you can also understand it.
The whole reason you use terminology is it makes it difficult for total noob or quacks to come in and start causing problems.
You use technical terms, well, technical terms with numbers attatched need to be accurrate and can get you caught or exposed if you are making stuff up or not maiking any sort of sense.
Absolutely. You are truly gifted at communicating complex topics. Your approach is funny, understandable, even for people of average intelligence. PLEASE stick with providing your awesome understanding to us poor mortals. Thank You.
Thank you for your hard work Sabine. I eagerly look forward to each new edition, and they keep getting better and better. 🎉
The pronounciation of "variability" feels refreshing, thank you
The bit about marinating and grilling the light got me 😂
To clarify then: time didn't actually run slower in the past as the (slightly clickbait-y) title says. It just appears to be slower because it is so far away. More of an artefact arising from ridiculously large distances and presumed universe expansion.
I can just imagine the Worlds most powerful quantum computer about to finish caclulating the solution to Nuclear Fusion after 10 years of incredibly complex calculations, when a cleaner switches the freezer off.
That could happen because of all the noise
Or a Vogon construction fleet destroys the entire planet just before it prints out the ultimate question to life, the universe and everything.
@@surferdude4487in all fairness they left a pamphlet of the process on the bulletin board at your nearest post office
@@lgolem09l This works on so many levels.
@@rickclark7076yeah at proxima Centauri. We couldn't be bothered to go the mere 4 light years to see the public notice
You are among my top four science news channels on CZcams.
You are AWESOME! I look forward to every release. Your humor and wit make learning about science even more fun! Thank you so very very much.
Thank you Sabine for doing detail research and provide an excellent presentation. You have become the standard setter!
How come everything except our brains affect quantum States
@@charmed0009 well that went from quasi interesting to utter BS pretty quick. "Evil" he calls all who don't swallow his trot. You're the evil pal.
Yeah, I mean, we know that energy will dialate time and slow it down, so why wouldn't the stars and particals early on be slowed down., atleast particals will vibrate and fuse more slowly, but they can still travel at the same speeds.
stars of super massive or hyper msassive size could have been moving in slow time, meaning they would have lasted longer trying to figure out how long they lasted by expansion speeds would be wrong, meaning more expansion for the star lasting longer, and it's time slow down effect has been reduced.
@@osmosisjones4912 - but our brains do affect quantum states - look into Roger Penrose's 3 World model and the proposal that platonic alignment affects the polarisation of photons at the quantum level.
@@charmed0009 But if he exists, where is he? I've looked everywhere and can't find him :/
Just two words: Great channel!
Sabine, I find your weekly news shows super interesting und wonderfully humorous. Thanks!
I have a small correction to give: He3 does indeed stay liquid close to absolute 0, but so does He4. The property for which it is so precious in the application discussed in the paper is that unlike He4, it stays NON SUPERFLUID (down to about 1 mK, then it becomes superfluid too). That allows it to couple way more with other thermal baths compared to superfluid He4
Thanks for explaining the report that time runs slower in the early universe. I read Geraint's paper. I'm pleased to report that your explanation confirms my understanding. 😊
Sabine, your voice in the science communication world is so valuable and unique, thank you. I watched a NOVA episode recently and, no offense to PBS, but I realized how impoverished the science content used to be for people who are interested in more than the surface explanations. They really *couldn't* go into any depth in the old media. I am grateful for the wealth of dedicated science and math CZcamsrs like you. I'm wondering whether since the gravitational situation was different in the early Universe, would that have caused any actual dilation? i.e. not due to the expansion but because time *actually* ran at a different rate relative to now?
Most people don't want or need science shows to go into any great depth, and if they did, nobody would watch them. CZcams is great because it allows many more science creators to carve out their own niche, like Sabine has done, each a different levels of "depth" or expertise. PBS Space Time is a great example of how much deeper you can go when producing CZcams videos. I certainly don't need them to go any deeper.
@@EnglishMike Yeah like I said in the comment, PBS *couldn't* go any deeper than they did. I *love* NOVA and PBS, but my point was that used to be all there was. Some people whose interest was sparked by NOVA had nowhere to go.
definitely recommend checking out minutephysics, sixty symbols, fermilab, and pbs spacetime as well.
thanks as always sabine! the humour is incredible, and the science is good too.
It is a lot of work indeed, and i'm amazed at how much content has been processed already. Thank you and your team for that.
Thank you for these original topics again. If you like to make a historical report again one time, the life and work of Ettore Majorana would indeed be quite interesting for us
Really love your channel,especially the Science News segments.
11:10 Good to know that Dr. Hossenfelder is bringing us the latest developments in mad science!
Thank you Sabine for the update!
I'm interested to see what becomes of that tinnitus treatment. I've had it for years and although I've got used to it, it would be nice to just be rid of it and I know for a lot of people it is extremely annoying
There are tinnitus therapy treatments, but to get evidence based care, you should see an audiologist who specializes in it.
15 seconds into my recommended, shows the quality of your work! Always excited to see a new episode of news!
Agreed. Thank you, Sabine, for all the work you put in to these episodes.
I love you “whole-earth” example of your science facts.
She mentioned Dr. Einstein and in my head I immediately though, "Yes, that guy again," then was caught off guard when she didn't say that... o.O
You can speed up the supermarket time if you use the self-checkout which more and more are adding. But there is a randomness whether, on the average, it is faster or not. This is known as the Schrödingers Self Checkout Speed Constant. However, intelligent setups can influence how often the radioactive particles can cause a problems at the self-checkout, while the original Schrödingers you had no way to influence it.
Imagine if a cleaner turned off the refrigerator that is keeping all those frozen heads of people who want to be reanimated in the future.
I love your channel and the topics you cover! Thank you!
Thank you very much Sabine, thank you!
Sabine as usual, an informative and FUN episode 👏, thank you for the effort 👍 XOXO
Hmmm, if observations show that time was 5x slower this could have massive implications on all fields, it means light coming from it is for all intents and purposes in slow motion.
So that could mean the speed of rotating galaxies could just be faster (and so we maybe don't need Dark Matter) but we're seeing it slowed down due to the distances involved.
The problem is not the speed of rotation of whole galaxies, the problem is that parts of galaxies that are closer to the center should move, should rotate faster than the regions that are further, and that is not the case, so Dark Matter is there to solve that weird problem.
Additionally, if time actually ran slower in the past, dark energy is probably also bunk. It means that what we are witnessing (increasing acceleration of the rate of expansion of the universe) is not dark energy at work, but time dilation having less and less effect as the universe ages and expands, speeding up time and giving us the illusion the expansion is accelerating at an increasing pace, which is logical as the matter density is constantly dropping, and MAYBE.....this is the true mechanism that points the arrow of time, and not entropy! I always took for granted that entropy pointed the arrow of time, just because some famous astrophysicists say so, but I was never really satisfied with that answer, because we dont see time moving backwards in a frame of reference where entropy is temporarily decreasing. For example, in proximity to humans that can make conscious choices causing unnatural interaction with the immediate environment, thereby increasing complexity and decreasing entropy (I think I got that right LOL) within a specific volume of spacetime.
It really time that moves slower or just our means of measure?
Dear Sabine, thank you with all my heart for your work. Greetings from Brazil.
Catching light... like in that song by our favorite intergalactic superstar (after David Bowie)
Does the time dilation of the early universe affect our current measurements of the expansion rate?
That's a question I've always had, how do you measure time if time is relative...
When they say that something happened in the first second after the big bang, surely if the mass of the whole universe was concentrated in such a small space one second for us would have been millions of years back then....
I could never get around this...
Yes
As a whole, the first billion years of the universe took longer to pass than the latest billion years of the universe. It's an effect that cannot be perceived locally, but our technical estimates of the age of the universe hasn't changed. The amount of time is the same, but the rate at which it passed, has.
If time passes more slowly locally, you wouldn't you measure universal constants as having different values, like the speed of light or the gravitational constant?
@@philipashmore no
That's the reason why it feels like time moves faster when we get older, because it actually does 😅
I hear ya
😂😅
Then one day you wake up and forget what day it actually is. I thought it was Tuesday, only to find out it's really Wednesday!
That is right, and is not a joke, it is the same phenomenon as in cosmology only that in your case it is the percption of time and in cosmology is time itself that dilates, but the reason is the same. Time, both the physical quantity and the perception, are analytic functions of whatever causes them, such functions usually start out at zero value (complicated, but along these lines)
No, it doesn't. That is just a psychological effect, not a physical effect.
Thank you for science news, again ! I would like to keep eye on every topic ever spoken, if there are updates. I suggest a maybe a second part of the show "Updates on last news", if there are any.
As a tinnitus sufferer for 5 years already I find hope in these new research and hope other scientists develop further on it. Thank you Sabine for the great information.
Sabine, how exhaustive would you consider your weekly report? They're amazing, thanks!
Sabine is close to one million subscribers.
With her layman friendly explanations and the dry dark humor, she will get there soon, that´s for sure.^^
Thanks for this great summary
I've been trying to explain this to a few people for a while, in that all elements of the universe was being created or evolved in the beginning, including time.
I'm an amateur astrophotographer Sabine and I've had to deal with a few of those pesky Starlink satellites streaking through my photographs as well. It's not that they're difficult to remove from photos, at least not at their current population, it's the fact that the noise reduction algorithyms in the processing software has to average them out and replace them with similar pixels to the ones they're covering up. So really you end up with an approximation of what the sky looked like where the satelites left trails. You're actually loosing real data, and that's not scientific. For instance, a satellite streaks through a long exposure and covers X amount of stars. It's always going to be a streak because to capture stars you have to do long exposures. Your tracking mount compensates for Earths rotation so that your telescope remains locked on the target portion of the sky, otherwise all the stars would be star trails rather than point sources. Therefore, anything moving with respect to the background stars, gas and dust, will leave a streak. If your post processing software averages out streaks or what it calls outliers of a set of multiple exposures, (stacked to increase signal to noise), not only are you loosing stars, you could loose an asteroid or comet because the algorithym can't tell the difference between them and satelites. So imagine one hundred thousand of them circling the globe. Some point sources are so small and faint that they'll be occulted by a streaking satellite. The data,(photons), behind the streaks are lost. Similarly, meteors can be taken out, but sometimes we like those in wide field landscape astrophotography. Imagine you had a bunch of elements blocking signals between the collisions and detectors of the LHC. How long would it be before a physicist figured out a way to remove the obstructions? Not long I'll bet, but that's not an option for astronomers, professional or otherwise. All any astrophotographers can do is average out what's not supposed to be there with data from a frame it doesn't appear in. Imagine how much harder that becomes as the sky progressively fills up with reflected light from our closest star. I can see satelites being so numerous that they begin to reflect low altitude sunlight to higher altitude satelites, resulting in multiple anomalous signals and opticle abberations. It used to be that the night sky, as Timothy Ferris once said, was the greatest show in town. Now most people aren't even aware of it. All we see are screens and were loosing the sense of a much bigger picture of our existence. Being able to look back at our history is a gift that we should try our best to preserve. And it's so beautiful! So maybe it's worth spending billions of dollars on more fiber optic cables. If we don't do this satellite thing properly, we may one day not be able to leave our planet.
tldr
@@JK-dv3qe Oh, whiny! I hate technology because it spoils my cute photos! Re: "I've had to deal with a few of those pesky Starlink satellites streaking through my photographs "
“Time ran slower in the early universe”
Yep, We know how it feels. 💚♾️
Yes, I often feel that time ran slower when I was young, too.
I don't think so. People used to work for only one job like 50 years ago. Now they can do 2 or 3 on just one day 🤔
its each time brilliant how you switch to brilliant:D very creative! respect for your work, always a week full of wonders, brought with good humor.
2 phone calls in one video, what a treat!
Starlink began mitigating reflection shortly after the problem was first noticed (~4 years ago). They've been providing the materials they developed to reflect the light away from Earth-based observers *at cost* to other satellite builders to further reduce impact on ground-based astronomy (the sats are at
Could it be possible that as you approach the beginning of the big bang that time slows down such that as you approach the beginning of time slows down asymptotically such that either time never began or until time reaches a plank maximum of some sorts.
How do you mean, as you approach the Big Bang? By "seeing" it with telescopes? Light, the electromagnetic radiation we know as the light started being so to say "visible" some 300.000- 350.000 years after the Big Bang. We can never see the actual big bang. If we had a way to "see" neutrinos, then maybe we could have seen deeper, and further, but our technology is not on that level, and taking into consideration how weird neutrinos are, I doubt that we will have "neutrino telescope" ever, or in foreseeable future.
Supermarket line time dilation, I knew it! Very funny Sabine :-)
Thank you, thank you for using the term ‘accreting’ not devoured or eating, re quasars🙏🏻
Makes perfect sense to me, the older I get, the faster times passes me by...
I am now wondering: 1) Would the cosmological time dilation account for the differences of the Hubble constant calculated from far away galaxies compared to the constant as calculated from the expansion of the Universe after the Big Bang? 2) Would there be another time dilation due to the higher concentration of mass in the early universe?
Number (2) would make sense, if matter (gas/atoms/etc) is much closer together, the gravitational potential would be higher and so time would run slower. Makes you wonder - is it like 10% slower, 10x slower, or 10000 times slower? Was there a time-singularity at the beginning, or was there some finite, peak time dilation that was never exceeded?
@@Niohimself but the gravity was the same everywhere, so every observer would experience time at the same rate
@@kapsi But would be slower than it is now
@@Niohimself If after 1.8 billion years, the universal time was still running 5x slower, time dilation could have approached infinity near the big bang rising to inifinity AT the big bang, meaning the big bang happened infinite planck time units ago. The Quantum gravity hunters will probably use this evidence to further their search for a fitting theory of quantum gravity. They will argue the Big Bang could never have happened infinity ago, because then we would not have reached this point in time yet. So on the other hand, if the big bang happened a finite number of years ago,. it means the big bang never started out as a singularity, and it would be a nice indicator that quantum gravity likely is a real thing.At this point, I'd like to think we are again smack bang in the middle of the lifetime of the universe - Heat death is expected in about 10^120 years, it would be fitting if they calculated that the big bang seemingly happened 10^120 years ago :) I do not believe in god, but I do believe there's more to this place than it lets on, meaning our reality/universe. There's more to explore in places we cannot even dream of yet. And the really, truly BIG scientific revelations are yet to come. All we, as a species, as guardians and protectors of this planet, need to do, is get past the great filter without too much damage.
@colindewolfe3647
Their clocks would not run any differently.
This is excellent. Congrats for your channel
Ciao Sa,
yes it looks like that. For me, a year passes like not even a week. Have a nice day.
Understanding that expansion seems to naturally cause time dilation, perhaps a stupid question; but, if the universe was very hot very dense could extreme gravity near the time of the Big Bang have also slowed time and thus get rid of the need for inflation theories?
Does that mean it will speed up in the end?
Edit: If you go back past the slow, does is slow to a stop - does time stop existing? almost.. like a singularity... maybe a BIG BANG happened
My question as well. Does the time change linearly or does it fit to a curve? (Or would the error let it fit to a curve?). How would this affect early expansion? And the speed of light back then…
@@mdarian Would light even notice a difference? If time was slower too, how did Galaxies form so fast?
Heat death will eventually make time meaningless, as there will be no clocks left, only photons redshifted to ginormous wavelengths.
Yay! University of Sydney ... GO SCHOOL! Wouldn't have thought it would be such a thrill to hear Sabine mention my alma mater (well, and current place of yet more postgrad bumming around and being that weird research student who gets picked on by their supervisor in undergrad lectures).❤
Yes, and the concept is actually intuitive 😂 Good Stuff Dr Sabine 🙏
I have left several comments on this channel over the years wondering about time dilation in the early universe, glad to see it covered!
To me, it was a simple explanation for the Hubble effect, that as we looked at more distant objects, the light they emitted had to "crawl" out of the gravity well of the big bang and was consequently red-shifted, whereas newer stars light did not have to do so. My (probably very naive) conclusion was not that the Universe was expanding at an increasing rate (it might be), but older objects simply emitted light that had to "fight" a much harder fight to make it to us than newer stars. I hope someone can tell me why this is wrong!
The gravity well you described. We are still in it.
Your theory would only work that way if we are observing the universe from the outside.
Though time dilation would be a case.
I get that you were doubting the theory of redshift being caused by expansion.
I had the same doubts. But other theories.
Until I learned about time dilation being the same concequence.
Now the scientists have found a good way of determining this time dilation.
And actually could start comparing this time dilation with the coresponding redshift.
If the time dilation is a bit more or less than the redshift observed.
They can start scratching their heads again.
Maybe the denser universe did have a slower time.
But it would only show time dilation, no redschift.
Example (to mess with):
The observed time dilation is roughly 5 times. But so is the redshift.
If, let's say, the time dilation is 5 times, while the redshift is, let's say, only 4 times.
Then the denser universe theory will get proof from this.
At a distance of Z=4, we got 25% more time dilation caused by a denser universe.
Me too, not shocked to see they got it wrong lol. Time would be running faster in the past if the universe is expanding.. not slower lol. If when we look out and measure it gives the illusion of time slowing that by definition means time passed faster in the past.. not slower lol. I have been trying to get them to cover this concept for a while too and once they finally do they get it backwards 😅
The average density would have to be close to a black hole or neutron star for this to be a significant factor. The absolute depth of the gravity well of the sun is much deeper than that of the early universe when you look at the average. The gravity of the universe is more like a bumpy road that has slightly more bumps in the past.
@@nighttrain1565 To say that you have been trying to get them to cover it, are you claiming to be someone of import?
@@thearpox7873 export*
Is cosmological time dilation just a special case of gravitational time dilation? I.e. when everything was closer together, the average gravitational field strength was higher, ergo the average speed of the passage of time was slower?
I just asked a similar question. I don't know how the distribution of the mass of the early universe affects this... ie, if you're surrounded by the same amount of matter on all sides, the net gravitational effect might be zero (as it is at the Earth's center).
IOW, unless a point "feels" acceleration due to gravity, then I don't think its clock is slowed down [relative to another point which does not "feel" that acceleration].
But I have no idea how the math works for a universe dense with mass and having no known boundary.
I have experienced this phenomenon myself while attending Mrs. Fancher's accounting class in high school.
Time dramatically slowed down whenever she spoke.
Dr. Hossenfelder I suffered with this buzzing and ringing for many years. Until recently. I started with the assumption that the sound in my head was not a true audio phenomenon. Since in my case the sound was a neurological issue. I once dreamed of a device that could create a sound 180 degrees out of phase with the ringing resulting in total cancellation of the sound. but to complete my epiphany. I essentially convinced myself that since the noise was only in my head that was where the solution lay. I lowered the volume to zero. So far I have experienced days of true quiet, if I feel it creeping back I repeat the exercise and make it recede.
Yes, you have stumbled upon an evidence based treatment for tinnitus. There are specialized hearing aids that can provide such sound treatment after an audiologist tests your hearing and finds the tone that matches the pitch of your tinnitus. Also, since tinnitus is highly correlated with hearing loss, many people have found that just wearing hearing aids prescribed specifically to their hearing loss is enough to reduce the perception of tinnitus.
Thanks to time running slower, I can be the first to comment ... :)
Apparently, not slow enough as you are fourth.
😂😂
Excellent overviews, and 2:20 was particularly worth consideration. 😉 ❤
I totally agree on this and it has always been on my mind for long.
Ok, slower as measured by what clock? (Now I'll listen to this.)
No.
Ok, I don't understand how the redshift - which happens over time and was NOT shifted in the past, caused things to be measured slower back then before there was a redshift. I don't know the physics here, but this seems to me to be a function of the observer's perspective, not the reality of time in the past. Time itself isn't slower or faster, it's just the yardstick by which events are characterized. There is no velocity to time, any more than a road has velocity when cars speed on it.
@@KenOtwellit's only an observationial effect, she explains this in the video
@@KenOtwell Time is something of a river, but we are stationary in that river, it is flowing through us not as we are in a boat and go with time because if it was true we would be just in one moment in time, that is a simplified analogy. It is a simplified analogy, and not really good, because many things are affecting our perception of time, speed, gravitation...
What she is trying to say is that we are seeing things like time was going slow because light waves are red-shifted, the Doppler effect, that same effect that we feel when a car is passing and the sound is higher when it comes to us, and the sound get lower when it passes us, that is Doppler effect, and because the light is an electromagnetic wave, it happens to light too, very fast objects that are going toward us would look blue-ish, and those who go with great speed away, red-ish, that is redshift. And because the waves are so to say stretched, we are just seeing like time in those galaxies. many billions of light years away which are receding is slower because light waves are red-shifted. It is not real, just the effect that we see.
@@jayeshrattnani8577 You are correct. I must have stopped listening before that bit but she does clearly say it's an observational effect. Which kinda makes this whole thing silly, especially the "time ran slower" part of the click-bait title.
First? :D
I’m afraid you’re 3rd. So: 🥉 👍🏼
When I think of denseness and expansion I imagine a guitar string. The more pull, the higher the frequency.
555 "The Cosmic photobombing award" ... Loved it
After seeing the words "Majorana zero modes" I did a search and Ettore Majorana came up. A fascinating Physicist from Italy with a great mind.
I know this is a two minute news story, so this is not the place, but more explanation of the meaning of the absurd phrase "time ran slower" would be wonderful. Time didn't run more slowly in the early universe - time doesn't "run" at any speed, but rather defines what we mean by speed. I would love to hear you explain in more detail the tricky intricacies of relativistic time and distance, and their relevance to cosomological observation.
i absolutely love your sense of humor
"Physicists have figured out how to catch light"
Cats be like: "write that down, write that down"
Thanks for the video :)
Great video. I would really appreciate not having the phone call ring, always throws me off.
About to reach 1 million suscribers !! Way to go !!
"And you definitely what that, right?" Love you!
Thank you very much for sharing your insights and wisdoms filled videos always !! Intelligent scientific educational content with a lovely touch of humor !! Outstanding !!
Greetings from California … I wish you and folks good health, success and happiness !! Much Love ✌️😎💕
Catches Light into a box.... I thought she will now announce a second song about this.😁
That would be great
Sound pitch lowers but also slows down if you ever hear a song from a car pass down the road. I love waves they are so cool.
„Time goes by so slowly. Time goes by so slowly“
I went to my doctor and reported hearing a ringing in my ear.
He suggested laser therapy.
I stopped reporting problems with my ear.
brilliant, as always, especially that last laser joke. dark.
Love your videos!
Thank you
2 works from Brazil in one video, now im proud 💌
❤you are great Sabine, all respect, thanks for the great news, you are very cool.
🐉🌹🐍
0:50 redshift galaxies moving away from us.
Thank you. I feel smart. 😅
Time at work runs slower compared to time at home. The effect can easily be noticed by any observer. In fact, time even stops completely during some work meetings.
Sabine, you are Brilliant!
"Once they've caught it, they'll marinate and grill it."
I guess that'll do for a light snack.
You had me at tinnitus. *waits patiently for that news, cause I have the time*
Oooh, that is super interesting!
So time really is going faster as I get older!
Thanks a bunch for all the news, Sabine! 😊
Stay safe there with your family! 🖖😊
I've often wondered this - if time slows near mass (i.e. time runs slower in a gravity well like Earth than in space, albeit very slightly) then in the early universe when everything was much more closely arranged, time must have run slower compared to now. Interestingly, if we say at the big bang it was infinite mass, what does that mean for time?
Fantastic!!!
I wish Fëanor’s lab notebooks describing how he achieved Anderson Localization in the the Silmarils had survived.