Pharmacology - BENZODIAZEPINES, BARBITURATES, HYPNOTICS (MADE EASY)

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Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and sedative-hypnotics are central nervous system depressants that work by enhancing the effects of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), resulting in anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties. This pharmacology lecture covers topics such as pathophysiology of anxiety and insomnia, role of GABA in the central nervous system, structure and function of GABA-A receptor, limbic system, mechanism of action and side effects of benzodiazepines, barbiturates, and non-benzodiazepine sedative-hypnotics. Drugs mentioned include; Alprazolam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clonazepam, Diazepam, Lorazepam, Temazepam, Pentobarbital, Phenobarbital, Secobarbital, Zolpidem, Zaleplon, and Eszopiclone.
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0:00 Intro
0:28 GABA and its receptors
2:18 Limbic system
3:34 Benzodiazepines
5:18 Barbiturates
6:57 Nonbenzodiazepine hypnotics

[@SpeedPharmacology]

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[@battosaijenkins946]

@Speed Pharmacology, Hello, I apologize for commenting 4 years too late but I just read a recent study where the tolerance of benzodiazepines regarding anxiolytics is inconclusive compared to tolerance of sedation and anti-convulsive properties. In other words, long term usage of benzodiazepines had insomniacs increase their dosage to get the same effect, same with seizures, however regarding anxiety, it still was effective at that dose even after long term usage. Have you heard of anything like this?

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Structure activity relationship of barbiturates

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0:27- GABA
2:18- Limbic System
3:08- Pharm Overview
3:34- Benzodiazepines
5:18- Barbiturates
6:55- Non- Benzodiazepine Hypnotics

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You do such an amazing job at simplifying difficult things with your adorable illustrations and organized points. Thank you for making me enjoy Pharm.❤️

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[@samlabo1688]

ahhh personal subject.
I got hooked on benzos in 93, I had a friend who was in a naval pharmacy.
He stole and sold several types oxapam, Xanax restoril halcion and valium
100$ for 100 pills
I took about 900 pills in a few months. In the end I just down the pills like candy.
These made me insane. Halcion was really weird, I loved them they gave me energy and enthusiasm
Later on 2018, I figured out where to get old barbiturates, I'll just say occasionally an old pharmacy building gets cleared, in storage is many bottles of drugs,
I had unopened bottle of secanol amobarbital pheno, barbital butisol cyclo and delvinal,
Miltown and amo,dextro speed
Speed great
Miltown was garbage.maybe it was bad
I Never been that wasted, once on seco and pheno
I went in to black out, I can not remember 16 days
Falling memory blossom and unable to figure out anything, like light switch or remote, dump drinks because you don't know where your mouth is
1 ate 90 1.5 grain pheno but lived.
I have been strung out on both
Barbs Will kill you

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What do you mean by 1.5 grain?

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@@kevinpatrick4408 I think a grain is a fraction of a gram its about 50 milligrams so 1.5 grain would be 75 milligrams

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[@melancholicstorm8954]

Barbiturates snowed me out. Benzodiazepines help my Anxiety disorders greatly. Hypnotic Z-Drugs help when monitored carefully. Was on Zaleplon. Now on Zolpidem 12.5. Sleep great and wake up refreshed. Good video! ✌

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I am enjoying this while chilling on a 5mg diazepam. 😊👍 what a life saver.

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Medicinal chemistry of barbiturates

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[@daviddavidson2357]

Non-benzos definitely work as anxiolytics. Also zolpidem causes profound hallucinations/delerium at higher doses.
Have you covered chloral hydrate and lesser known GABAergic CNS depressants?

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Thanks for this very detailed one. Im currently taking Clonazepam 1/4 tab morning and evening for my anxiety disorder and panic attack.

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we also use:
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- Chloral Hydrate for Short Term Treatment of Insomnia (for extremes of age: Elderly and Children)
- some Antidepressants/Antipsychotics/Beta Receptor Blockers can be used as Anxiolytics

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