Schizophrenia in Depth: Review of Kraeplin, The 4 As of Schizophrenia, and the Psychosis Spectrum
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- čas přidán 9. 05. 2023
- In-depth review of schizophrenia, covering Emil Kraepelin's contributions, the 4 As of schizophrenia, and the psychosis spectrum.
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The video delves into the complex history and understanding of schizophrenia, highlighting key early theorists such as Emil Kraepelin and Eugen Bleuler. It discusses the evolving conception of schizophrenia as not a single disease but a spectrum of disorders with varied presentations and etiologies. Kraepelin's contribution includes the term "dementia praecox," emphasizing cognitive changes and early onset. He classified subtypes like hypophrenic, catatonic, and paranoid, underlining the biological basis of the illness. Bleuler replaced "dementia praecox" with "schizophrenia," reflecting fragmented thought and emotion. He identified the 4 As of Schizophrenia -associational disturbances, affective disturbances, autism, and ambivalence-as primary symptoms, acknowledging schizophrenia's continuum and psychological influences. The video emphasizes the absence of definitive diagnostic tests for schizophrenia and the ongoing quest to understand its biological underpinnings. It concludes by highlighting the importance of longitudinal observation and standardized diagnostic criteria in shaping our understanding of schizophrenia. Overall, the video provides insight into the historical context and early theories surrounding schizophrenia, shedding light on its complexity and the ongoing pursuit of comprehension in the field of psychiatry.
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#schizophrenia #psychosis #psychiatrist
0:00: The Intro Will Tear Us Apart
0:07 Look who it is!
0:19 Schizophrenia Introduction
3:05 Demence Precoce
3:17 Emil Kraeplin
5:22 Eugene Bleuler
7:14 Outro
Correction: 05:23 Typo, it should say Eugen not Eugene
Amazing as always. Please upload more! Thanks!
WHOA FACE REVEAL?!
Great to see a new one!
OMG YOU MADE A VIDEO JUST FOR ME :D I have schizophrenia and found your channel through binging the psychosis playlist! Thank you :) You were the ONLY person in the world who could help me to see merit in the dopamine hypothesis!
Thank you for the kind words- And yes, the microchip in my brain told me I had to make these videos just for @wobina!
Your videos are so dope. I appreciate them so much. Sincerely, a psychiatry pgy1
amazing video as usual keep up the PSYCH work
Appreciate it. The nice words keep me working.
The thing that interests me about the whole anti-psychotic class of drugs is how acetylcholine plays a role in schizophrenia and other mental disorders. Anticholinergic anti-psychotics can technically worsen cognition/memory, but this acetylcholine blocking property also alleviates/prevents EPS symptoms. Theoretically, it does this by balancing dopamine/acetylcholine levels as the two are opposed to one another, such that: high acetylcholine signaling is correlated to lower dopamine signaling and vice-versa.
Theoretically, it is possible to use increased acetylcholine signaling as a replacement for the dopamine blockade as a treatment modality, as certain acetylcholine receptors can modulate dopamine signaling of D2/D3 receptors (emraclidine, an mAch 4 receptor modulator). It isn't surprising that acetylcholine can control aspects of schizophrenia, since smoking rates in this population appear to indicate that nicotine can alleviate some cognitive symptoms (via alpha 7 nAch receptors). However, time will tell if any of this research will produce a new generation of anti-psychotics, since more studies need to be conducted.
Also, it is interesting to point out that scopolamine was used as a rapid acting antidepressant in certain trials, despite the recent studies showing strong correlation between anticholinergic drug usage and dementia.
You should look up the new medication for schizophrenia karxt (xanomeline-trospium) , last I heard it was in phase 3 trials but idk where it's at currently. M1/m4 agonist paired with a peripheral muscarinic antagonist, it's really interesting.
Hey! Can you make a video about atypical antidepressants? Like Wellbutrin and such?
Done! Will be making more in the future too
Yaaay
Good video. Felt a little truncated, but please make more videos related to psychosis and schizophrenia :D
It's a review series! Will release a new one every week in 5-10 minute chunks
@@PsychoFarm Awesome!
My dissertation tangentially looked at new neuromarkers for ASD. And imo neuromarkers' actually effecting diagnoses are probably a ways off; better imaging spatial and temporal resolution, and specific, sophisticated analytical techniques, and tons and tons of data, are all needed. I mean, for things that aren't, you know, tumors and hwat have you.
The elephant in the room is behavioral measures are pretty reliable for schizophrenia at least (outside of court rooms where clinicians always manage to split 50/50 schizophrenia/ASPD), and the disorders are behaviorally defined. So neuromarkers would have to be more reliable, and correspond to those behavioral symptoms in the first place.
But I think for early detection, there's promise, since small behavioral changes are hard to detect. Then again, maybe AI could do that so
lol youre killing me xD just like straight up explaining shit seriously with those silly beards
Mind Division ;)
Would you be willing to make a video about ADHD meds ?
There is one, but will be making more!
what the fuck; face reveal
Joy Division lol.
These videos appear crafted for hallucinogens.