[Story]How a K-type Star System Would Evolve?
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- čas přidán 5. 09. 2024
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[PSR Series]Timeline of an K-type Star - Planetball
This is about the evolution of a 61 Cygnus-like star(Mass is 0.65x Sun) and its planets, which is a hypothetical star system, but it’s mostly scientific.
Orange Dwarfs are sometimes called Goldilocks Stars, because they are more stable and live longer than Yellow Dwarfs like our sun, thus "Life-Sustaining". :D
You can go to en.m.wikipedia... to learn about “type”
Subscribe today to see some more astronomy videos!
Music used:
Kevin MacLeod - Stages of Grief
Jay Marino - We Are Family
Toby Fox - Death by Glamour
Dan Salvato - Doki Doki Literature Club!
Kevin MacLeod - If I Had a Chicken
Kevin MacLeod - Midnight - Tale
Kevin MacLeod - Blue Scorpion Electronic Hard
asteria - Welcome to Chew Chew
20 is a good number, because it is double 10.
Planetballs are basically same to countryballs, the only difference is the character, not countries, but space objects including stars, planets, moons and even galaxies.
#planetball #stars #animation #solarballs #spaceballs
About me:
I’m a Astronomy&Meteorology lover, making astronomy animations and hoping to teach you astronomy while having fun!
By the by, If you like this channel, remember to light that subscribe button!
Hi there. I placed events in subtitles. They're important!:P
LMAO more important: more similar timeline videos: czcams.com/play/PL_KQj2BYdNhdhgh5vxHSGaASG1EpCxA6E.html
2022/1/6:
Wow I never thought this video can reach that far! Thank you, thank you for 6,122 likes and 1,407 subscribes!
Maybe in one day I will do a remaster of this again :D
Ok
oppa gangnam star
Make a atfoss pls
What game is that
@@glendasarmiento2509 description.
Props to the third planet. It sat well away from the goldilock zone, kept its water, was still green, survived 3 upcoming possible greenhouse effects, had 3 signs of life, SURVIVED 2 ALMOST EXTINCTION EVENTS, AND GAVE US A HEART 😢
Edit: RIP random third planet
Not dead
It had 4 intelligent civilizations that's a lot
@@Mapper_Space we have primates, cetaceans, elephants, corvids, parrots, cephalopods and 500 million years, we still have a fighting chance :)
😊
4:20 also explain what happened here check the timestamp
Finally, a planetball vid where the planets have their own reactions, not the reactions of their people.
Wtf does that mean?
@@sewer_dog2096 idk men
@@sewer_dog2096 I guess he refers to the planets having their own personality instead of the one of their innhabitants?
@@FloofiFluffy ye
I think he mean like when mars is happy for being terraformed ect.
Timeline
*Starting system*
0:40 Proto star forming
0:50 Proto planets forming
0:58 Planets formed
1:15 D and e have a thick atmosphere with unkown pressure.
1:23 D cools down and gains liquid water
1:46 Unknown large planetessmil collides with f
2:15 Insteller encounter disrupts even more asteroids leading to more water upon the planets
2:33 f goes from .57 AU to .52 AU, these leads to to its equater melting and lliquid water
2:49 b and c are now tidally locked
2:58 - 3:06 nothing happens
3:07 e entered a very long ice age, e is now -43 celsius
3:21 a kind of single celled organism devolped ears and eyes
3:46 e's ice age ends
3:47 f's magnetic field is quickly shut down due to being only .33 earth masses
3:53 f loses its liquid water
4:01 d has plants on land now
4:18 lots of plentane boils which is released from the ground on f, creating a very titan like surface
4:21 bird civilisian on d
*PRESENT DAY? **4:25*
Gamma ray bursts 23 ly away 4:26 causing a mass extinction upon d
4:46 plants and animals are back on d
4:58 mega volcano on d killing 93% of species (D isn't getting a break)
5:20 2nd civilisation came but they quickly destroy their envirement (I CANT SPELL)
5:27 2nd civilisation leaves
5:41archaeobacteria dominattes d (they appeared purple)
6:00 3rd civilisation on d, they controlled the whole system to play it like a universe simulater with a super computer in the star, they have alot fun in the simulation.
6:13 they brang back f's magnetic field while managing to keep d and f's cores hot
6:30 they release a new core to the star to improve the super computer, this lead to the connection being lost, the civilisation ended
6:49 mega eruptions on d leading to severe climate change
7:13 new animal on d able to glow red light
7:37 new civilization on d but they have to leave swiftly
7:53 biosphere collasped on d
8:08 collision on on g creates a cool ring
8:15 e teared apart its moon to create a ring, normally its ring would dissapate over time but comets allow it to be replenished
8:26 d is now 35 celsius
8:36 d is 43 celsius
8:51 d is now 51 celsius
9:04 a rouge planet is captured at 84 masses is captured (h) shortly after it left it created LHB (Late heavy bombardment) due to this g lost its ring
9:17 e created a ring due to tearing apart another moon, but its too small to be seen
9:25 d is 60 celsius, somehow the climate is barely stable due to less volcanic activity and stable ocean currents
10:02 random galaxy collision
10:21 f is having eruption events soon this will lead to extremely high pressure in the atmosphere (8 hpa to 193 hpa)
10:45 d is 71 celsius and the oceans are starting to evaporate which leads to a runaway green house event
11:01 b is casually reading a book
11:02 f is 50 celsius
11:27 two dwarf planets move to 1au for some reason t̶o̶ h̶e̶l̶p̶ m̶a̶k̶e̶ t̶h̶e̶ p̶l̶o̶t̶ m̶o̶r̶e̶ i̶n̶t̶e̶r̶e̶s̶t̶i̶n̶g̶
11:33 they collide causing an asteroid belt
11:52 the two gallaxies merged into a type-e2 galaxy
12:24 planets orbits are now unstable
12:33 e's atmosphere is thicker leading to higher water boiling temperature (it is now 102celsius)
12:40 g teared apart a comet and got its rings back
12:41 b is reading another book
12:44 f is warm enough for its equater to melt
12:47 e is 139 celsius
12:53 e's atmosphere thickens from 3740 hpa to 1150 atm causing a run away green house event
13:10 A(the star) finally runs out of hydrogen after 29.3 gy
13:21 f's atmosphere thickens from 193 hpa to 79 atm
13:29 as the star reaches the the rg branch it will become more and more unstable
13:39 planets atmopsheres are destroyed due to fierece solar winds
13:42 g's ring is evaporated
*Choosing suitable music thats not been used 1.13891368e+18 times*
13:55 the stars mass is too low to burn helium this will mean no pulses and wont enter agb branch and its luminosity is getting insanely high
13:57 b is destroyed
14:00 No, I'm not fucking putting that in there, too much info NO, IM GOING TO HAVE AN ANEURYSM DO YOU ACCEPT IT?
Planets are moving outwards due to the star losing mass
14:11 c is destroyed
14:19 e's unstable eccentricity caused everything to move in chaos but nobody was hurt and d barely survives
14:30 star is only 0.424xsun mass, because it never burnt helium into carbon, it will become a helium white dwarf, leading to it to cool down in billions of years
15:08 after the white dwarf faded, the system is mostly dead
Conlusion:
K type stars are most likely the best star for habitable planets m dwarfs are too unstable and brighter stars have too short life spans
K type stars can live for 50 gy.
I will edit this later for proper grammar and to be more nicely shown
@@CatWachristmashat and I didn’t want to do the timestamps because I wanted to let someone else to do the star timeline
nice!
Wow this must taken a long time to make
@@Atula416 you just turn on subtitles and watch the video and list the events with time signatures
11:04
B : * throws a book into A *
Me : WHAT A WASTE
Also me : * realises book is called How 2 Survive A Red Giant *
Also Also me : . _ .
yea
4:21 had me in stitches
(My absolute favorite part, though, was when the third planet was habitable.)
13:14 Therapist: Relax, the Four Venuses aren't real, they can't hurt you
The four Venuses:
@@Atula416 *four
@@cycrothelargeplanet thx i didn't see that
@@Atula416 you're welcome
@@cycrothelargeplanet you’re*
This is probably the best use of the -ball genre I've ever seen. From what I can tell, you got all the science right, apart from 2 things.
1. By around ~10 billion years into the scenario, it's likely that the planets will have become unstable, leading some to being ejected, migrating out far away from the star, or possibly colliding. But this later occurred anyway so it's only a matter of timing.
2. In the description, you say that this star has a mass of ~0.65 solar masses. With this mass, it should achieve carbon burning and hence an AGB, but since it's close to the border I'll just assume this star was formed in an earlier phase of the universe, and the lower metallicity means it didn't achieve the density needed to burn helium.
Apart from that, this was epic and I hope you'll make this for every class of star!
Constructive ideas!
And I really made this for every class of star!
oh no it's 100 days ago
@@AstroCatz great use of music. I think the medieval music works best. Strange but I like it!
@@AstroCatz i have a question is a star that had not more than the sun’s luminosity it died in 100 million years but our sun has a lifespan of 10 billion years?
@ev3072tile5ste Pretty sure planet d is a "super earth," a planet more massive than Earth, but too small to be a "sub neptune."
Also the fact that the 3rd planet was habitable so long even if it was already not in the habitable zone like how (more evident in later scenarios)
Situation 15 billion years(09:00)
A(star) : Reached halfway of its life
and shines 85%(0.1505×Sun) more than its formation(0.093×Sun)
Temperature : 4330 Kelvin
B : Much like mercury, except its a bit hotter
Temperature : 590 Kelvin
C : Similar to Venus 2 billion years from now
Temperature : 890 Kelvin
D : Once has a biosphere, but now its only reduced to eukaryotic life.
Temperature : 325.30 Kelvin(300 Kelvin in poles and 338 Kelvin in the equator)
E : A water world after its ice melt after an long ice age.
Temperature : 290 Kelvin(274 Kelvin at poles)
F : A cold barren planet full of ice.
Temperature : 238 Kelvin
G : A barren planet near the edge pf the system.
Temperature : 127 Kelvin
If hearted, will create situation in interesting events up to 35 billion years
Damn! 8641 years, was that a nearby gamma ray burst? Sad, the whole (2nd actually) civilization gone 😥
27651 steam greenhouse phase planet 4. Something for everyone today!
Yeah, there were several civilizations on this system's "Earth-on-steroids"- some going type-3 and dodging the mass extinctions by going "ok ima head out", some getting killed by the big asteroid impacts caused by the lack of a Jupiter-like gas planet while still at type 2, and some probing the other planets only to destroy themselves and cause mass-extinctions with nuclear wars before having the chance to colonize them.
@@badpiggies988 Right? The details now are getting amazing. Even city lights on the dark sides of the planets at times!
Venus is a very small piece of food and the other side of venus are the other side of the world KEPLER 37B
There is no Civilizations
That is earth
This is so amazing! Your videos are intensely high quality!
Also, the DDLC music brought me back some memories TvT
Hi *t o m e c*
@@cycrothelargeplanet Hi, but why t o m e *_c_* xD
@@TomekTomThomas *p a n i k* meme
@@TomekTomThomas but in esreveR
polska xd
6:29 seems like they were emotionally attached to the universe simulator
4:50 D gaves us a heart, how nice :D
3:54 planet 3 gave us massive co-
I like how the star and the rest of the planets are just chilling except for the two planets closer to their star, are just staring eachother dramatically.
Man that one little planet really held on to its water for a long time out of the habitable zone
I think that it's only the very middle of the habitable zone, not the edge (earth for example is on the inner edge of the habitable zone)
Imagine if this was actually a game
Like if there was a space day it would be a Google game
And that if you choose a random star the will just make a random system
I want that game!
@@Atula416will happen always the same with the stars so kinda boring...XD
What is the game name
@Denis Arkanza Faizan and maybe even give gas giants moons? (Since gas giants are good at taking care of em)
@@sowz-d1h its not a real game
How Is No One Talking About At 7:50 Planet 3 Had A Heart Shaped Erea Of Water
I saw it 7:54
0:29 i like what you put in the captions when ddlc music started playing
Your content is gettin' better and better keep goin' mate you'll reach 10000 in two shakes of a hand ✋
10000* cuz you accidentally added an extra zero
Imagine a universe where two habitable worlds have a war after one faction conquers their ow - both of different species
*hello charles calvin?*
This is the greatest Plaaaaan
- Charles last words
just that cute happy astroid in the distance at 3:20 XD
I love it !!! Your contents are really good, artistic, accurate and brings lots of humor 😂😂 keep going !!!
Absolutely love these damn videos. Thank you for the uploads
Loving this video, especially in the intro part! Now I wanted a simulator game like or inspired with this video hahahaha.
same
There's a game called space engine where you can view prodecural star systems but they don't evolve but it's quite beautiful.
@@clarkheredia5058 i think he meant a game about planetballs
I would so play that. It'd be kinda like SimEarth but instead you are looking from the solar system point of view? And with planetballs style humor. :)
Give us star evolution doge pro s
Time to binge all your previous vids cuz I just subbed 😄.
It's great when youtube finally recommended something I actually love 💘
Hello i,m from indonesia🇮🇩.I very love space and comparsion
I'd love to see a discord server centered around this channel.
I dunno', I just feel like this is the perfect space channel for a discord server.
Oh the puns
Love your animations, are fun and educative at same time. keep the great job X3 greetings from Argentina!
Whats so cool is that 3 of these planets were habitable at the same time
Why your alternative planet system scenarios don't have Natural satellite?
omitted -because I am lazy-
@@AstroCatz XD
He did give the F-star's gas giants satelites ,he gave the mint colored one 4 moons , and the Salmon *colored one 5 moons
한국인 ㅋㅋㅋ
@@허니버터칩 ㅎㅇㅎㅇ
I think what this goes to show is, if our star lived THAT long, we'd have a lot more time for intelligent critters and civilizations to actually do things--escape, colonize, terraform...WAY past when our sun would've made the inner solar system completely uninhabitable, K-star's D planet was still making civs! :)
Edit: Also I'm curious what the first planet wrote and then chucked into the Star. :P
it wrote "how 2 survive red giant 🔴"
It was reading “how to survive red giant” but the star snatched and burned it
not necessarily, planets themselves have things that limit their habitable lifetime like their cores running out of radio nucleotide energy to drive plate tectonics. It's thought that Earth might be more habitable because plate tectonics cycles various gases and keeps the continents from completely wearing down. But the K stars being long lived just means the star is less of a limit on the life time.
K-type stars are more stable and less violent than red dwarfs for sure
Dude, ur animations are more realistic than salty ocean! Well done!!!
K types are my favorite. They will last up to 80 billion years. Perfect candidates for life
I don’t think people appreciate d enough I mean he had like 10 civilizations and life for 19 billion years. You got to give some credit for him, he went through a lot.
And had life in the too hot zone
I like how the Doki Doki theme just randomly fits well.
and the death by glamour and OHHHHHH YESSSSSSSSSS at the start
6:00 cities on water?
Planets mass (rough estimate)
b: 0.24 earth mass
c: 1.62 earth mass
d: 1.74 earth mass
e: 4.61 earth mass
f: 0.33 earth mass
g: 0.08 earth mass
Can you do Timeline of a M-type star?
It will be two hours long
@@Hunter-im3tg speed it up a lot
@@Hunter-im3tg I feel like we'd all be fine with that
@@mariofan_2162 yes i can even handle a 10 hour video
if this is 15 minutes long, m type should be 25-30 minutes long, right?
K stars are like best for habitable planets
Trappist system reference lol
Wouldn't they have problems with tidal lock or no?
The planet has to be tilted like Earth otherwise it would not have seasons.
M stars should be better, but they cause tidal lock because a habitable planet would be too close. K stars shouldn't.
@@Polandball1138 M type are usually flare stars. Unstable and have very strong solar flare so not good for life evolve
7:52 Planet D has a heart-shaped lake/inland sea! aww x3
0:25 *PTSD rolls in*
I love that *OH YES* selection sound.
6:21 why has it start to feel like you ACTUALLY generate the game
7:50 aww, d is giving us a heart
I just love watching planets chill here and live out their lives so casually, with their own reactions and conversations to!
5:43 noone gonna point out how the first 3 planets look exactly like mercury, venus and earth?
I thought the SAME THING
If this was an actual game I would play it every day
ask Universe Sandbox or Kurz or ur *imagination*
@@AstroCatz oh ok thx
Same
same
@@AstroCatz universe sandbox is paying and kurz idk its not a game and third choice is *epic*
my fav video so far
timeline of M-type star please , i want to know how unstable are these M-type stars , also their age could up to 10 trillion years
But the video will be like 10 hours long
@@Atula416 then skip boring parts or speed it up
@@Tulin258 forget about that lol
Any habitable planet would be geologically dead before a M-star ends the very long main sequence.
@@vascomanteigas9433 why?
10:41 A yellow Venus
12:45 A green Venus
Fun fact: Our sun is a yellow dwarf, meaning the "red dwarf" stage will have pulses, this orange dwarf is too small to burn helium, meaning no pulses, meaning it turns into a white-dwarf easily, but either way, orange dwarfs are the best to live around, and M type stars live for trillions of years, its just they are unstable, G types are like the sun, but the sun is a larger G type, because it has lived HALF of its life (5 billion years)
Although the sun is called a “dwarf”, it’s bigger than 90% of the stars around. Also when it burns out it becomes a red giant
@@kerbodynamicx472 correctomundo.
@@kerbodynamicx472 More than 67% of stars are bigger than sun and 30% smaller.
The best simulation ever of a soler system :D
Situation 12.5 billion years(07:51)
A(star) : Sleeping until it loses Hydrogen
Temperature : 4270 Kelvin
B : Calm, hot planet
Temperature : 552 Kelvin
C : Similar to Venus 1.4 billion years from now
Temperature : 863 Kelvin
D : Recently had a mass extinction, and recently, its only starting to being reduced to prokaryotic and eukaryotic life. At this point, life migrated to the poles(which is still cold) avoiding extinction
Temperature : 306 Kelvin(292 Kelvin in poles and 321 Kelvin in the equator)
E : A water world after its ice melt after an long ice age.
Temperature : 277 Kelvin(261 Kelvin at poles)
F : A cold barren planet that once has a magnetic field
Temperature : 231 Kelvin
G : A barren planet near the edge pf the system.
Temperature : 111 Kelvin
Bruh no one uses kelvin use f
@@Truewolfguy i use the metric system
@@DeathBringer138 bruh
worldwide almost no one uses °F
@@Jose_eug Canada and USA people use it
3:24 0.1 Luminosity
11:29 0.2 Luminosity
12:31 0.3 Luminosity
12:51 0.4 Luminosity
13:07 0.5 Luminosity
13:14 0.6 Luminosity
13:17 0.7 Luminosity
13:20 0.8 Luminosity
13:23 0.9 Luminosity
13:24 1 Luminosity
13:28 2 Luminosity
13:32 10 Luminosity
13:44 20 Luminosity
13:49 30 Luminosity
13:51 40 Luminosity
13:53 50 Luminosity
13:54 60 Luminosity
13:55 80 Luminosity
13:56 90 Luminosity
14:03 200 Luminosity
14:06 300 Luminosity
14:08 400 Luminosity
14:09 500 Luminosity
14:11 600 Luminosity
14:13 700 Luminosity
14:14 800 Luminosity
14:16 900 Luminosity
14:18 1,000 Luminosity
Dang
I like the names, the startup, and planet names.
The amount of moons each planet has in this star system:
1st planet: 0
2nd planet: 0
3rd planet: 1
4th planet: 1
5th planet: 2
6th planet: 3
2:10 why is he angry?? Hahahah and why are they looking away? Did they woke him up? 😂😂😂
Red dwarf star
An interstellar encounter disrupted the asteroids
-Subtitles
8:38 galaxy appearance ↑
No dislikes, perfection
Yes
it's so cute to see them happy :3
0:40 music doki doki +
2:08 There was where the stars wanted to fight (K-Type Star Wants to fight! M-Type stars uses "Solar Flare"! K-Type uses "Solar inestability! M-Type Star explodes :_)
The star looks happy 🤗 1:01
Bird civilization: exists
GRB: And I took that personally.
14:15
D: *looks constipated*
Earth and Mars during the red giant phase: finally a worthy opponent
Those are planets lol
Those are exoplanet sun is not k is g
It's cool how it's like the star forms a family :)
I like how the third planet being outside of the habitable zone still grown several civilisations and survived for so long
Earth is kinda of out of the habitable zone too.
@@amirm3621 no earth is within habitable zone and its within inside it well
Really love this song though😭😭😭😭😭💖💖💖
Dude, if the habitable zone is not even at d, it wouldnt be habitable!
There’s a reason for that it’s that if there’s a Red dwarf or a K-type star the third planet would be habitable like D and Trappist1-D (Trappist1-D is from the Trappist1 System).
I love the fact that through out the videos you could see comets and supernovas!
Wow this is very well made, good job 👍
Btw how do you make these videos, like what software do u use?
First *draw* all pics, then oof them together using *Camtasia or other editors.*
@@AstroCatz thanks
@@AstroCatz where do you draw the pics
@@iapetus6110 h
Do you have to redraw them again
pls do F or M next
Fun fact: when that little astroid hit the sun, it got a little brighter
cool
but by the way nice cat
I will name it Sun B
This guy should actually make a game on this
Why did at first of music sound like Rick roll and the 2nd song music sounded like CRASH! (It's a game btw)
Congrats 3rd planet that might have life this is your Venus era :D
Cute animations of planet and a orange star
And I love the music !!
Me too
7:50
heart shaped sea on d
Nothing:
Absolutely nothing:
planet b: how 2 survive red giant
Planet b: *literally dies first*
This video is the greatest since now
2:23 look at G
The last one that isn't out yet is G type...
3:57, In third planet, it's habitable have a alien life, but why habitable zone green line is just half. But still habitable? Are they more sophisticated, or are their atmospheres much stronger? Although fiction, but hopefully there can be an explanation. :)
The back end of the planet signifies where the planet's actual position in relation to the habitable zone is. But yes I find it weird that the planet didn't go runaway greenhouse until much later but i think it's probably because the planet had a thicker atmo than earth so water requires a hgigher temp to evaporate.
@@legendarypussydestroyer6943 Ok... :)
0:30 Me: *Sees hint* [HINT] Hey don't worry, there's no scary things on this video
0:33 Me: *Got scared and being frozen for 24 hours*
You know what I meant.
Just Monika. :)
14:00 The asymptotic giant branch (AGB) is a region of the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram populated by evolved cool luminous stars this is a period of stellarr evolution undertaken by all low to intermediate-mass stars late in their lives.
When a starexhaust the supply of hydrogen by nuclear fusion processes in its core, the core contracts and its temperature increases causing the outer layers of the star to expand and cool.
Eventually, once the temperature in the corehas reached approximately 3x108 K, helium burning (fusion of helium nuclei) begins. The onset of helium burning in the core halts the star's cooling and increase in luminosity
This is the horizontal branch (for population II stars) or red clump, or a blue loop for stars more massive than about 2 Mo. During AGB phase, the star swells up to giant proportions to become a red giant. again.
im sorry but im tired of typing
K type star doesn't have mass to turn in to abg
🤓
@@longhornmilestone5166 This is the worst video type to use that emoji on
I'm getting Vietnam war style flashbacks from that ddlc music. that game changes you man.
4:26 WUT HAPPEN
in caption
0:40 because of this music, I double check if I'm on a wrong video.
Anyway, well done!
15:12 sun being a G type(i don't know if it's right) with the only planet(at least for now) with life: lol NO
This star had 3 for 10x longer than us sooooo
K type stars are our best chance of finding life since they are in the midpoint between a sunlike star and a red dwarf.
5:45 The 3rd Planet Looked Like Earth At This Moment
Yes
I like how two Galaxy in the background collide
(1:30)
Comet: going past a planet
Next time
A. F type star
B. B type star
C. M type star
D. L type star
E. T type star
Who choises
A!
@@Atula416 yes
is this ........ kerbal system?
Nah bro krebol is I think G1
dont talk about the scale cause everything in ksp is sized down by like 20x or 10x
No it’s the kock system
@@Nebuleanic Kerbal is of course a K type star since it's from KSP!
--from a kerbal joke
It does look similar to the kerbal system
very nice vid! learned more about k types tysm!!!
>Orange dwarf stars are best for earth-like planets
Yes, yes they are.
Yet nobody talks about them, they talk about red dwarfs even though red dwarfs are shit because planets are tidally locked and behave more like moons of a large gas giant rather than planets, also red dwarfs are flare stars.
@@clarkheredia5058 100% correct! The weird part though is that red dwarfs have stronger gravity than very large, massive stars, because they are denser. a red giant has weak gravity because even though it's massive, it's so diffuse that it doesn't really matter.
0:43, that game is fire
7:55 earth has pangea continent
That an random exoplanet
Not earth!
I love all the sound effects every second
F basically had water for 30B years..
There are 2 types of K stars. Dwarves, such as Alpha Centauri B, and supergiants, like Enif/Epsilon Pegasi