Allotrope from Hell! // 25K Subs Special
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- čas přidán 6. 09. 2014
- Allotropes are really interesting if you ask me. Two samples made of exactly the same element can have very different looks and properties if they are different allotropes. Just by having different bonds between the same atoms.
In this video I concentrate on a specific, infamous allotrope of phosphorus. One of the elements with very different allotropes at room temperature. This features the most reactive one... - Věda a technologie
"Don't drink, if you're already bloated". ;) I got to remember that!
The overwhelmingly positive thin about this channel is how it grows despite less than frequent videos. It is testament to the quality of the output.
Thanks! It is a general rule of thumb on CZcams that frequent videos - no matter the quality - is key to gaining subscribers. It is build into the algorithm of CZcams - being on the frontpage, getting videoes recommended etc.
But I will always put quality over quantity, since I'm not in this for fame. Hopefully over time I will be able to put out high quality videos at a higher pace, but it will never be rushed :)
+Brainiac75 I won't lie, I would dearly love to see a new vid from you every week, but we must be happy with what we have to accept what we can.
Thanks so much for your efforts. Fascinating subjects.
Spot on.
Do they seriously let you buy this stuff and get it in the mail? 🤣
"Don't drink if you're already bloated". Hilarious!
Bill Smith right lol
Bill Smith. If you are full of gas bloat and you cannot belch it up, just drink two or three ounces of this and it will do the job. One or two good long belches and the pain will stop as the gasses exit the body. If you live in an area that sells Sprite™ soft drink it will do the same. Naturally if you are having painful levels of bloating on a regular basis, you probably do not need to self diagnose, but get health care. I have used this method about four times in 35 years. It is a inexpensive remedy you can keep in you medical supply and has a long shelf life if unopened.
Thanks for all the kind comments! I read them all and the comments in the days right after an upload are always a pleasure to read :D
When a video is well received it is the best encouragement to carry on. Stuff for the next video is already bought so it shouldn't be 4 months before next upload...
4 MONTHS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
isn't phosphoric acid found in Coca Cola??
Ed McCarren Yes, there is a small amount of phosphoric acid in cola. The formulas are secret but I have seen claims from 0.2 - 0.3% to 0.8-1.4 g pr. 250 ml depending on type (regular, diet etc.).
And your stomach contains hydrochloric acid in low concentration. However, phosphoric acid in your lungs from breathing the fumes from white P is still not recommended ;)
brainiac75
thanks!
brainiac75 I BURNED MY HOUSE DOWN WHEN PLAYING WITH THIS, WHY DIDNT YOU TELL ME IT WAS DANGEROUS!!!
I AM GOING TO SUE FOR DAMAGES THIS INSTANCE! UNSUBSCRIBING!!
just kidding lol :D
i like how you said; the best way to handlle it is......
TO NOT HANDEL IT ALL
Hehe, just telling the truth ;)
you are overreacting to the "dangers of phosphorus".
There are 3 main rules about handling it (the white allotrope):
1) Don't touch the element with your hand or with any other parts of your body - the element can enter your body and in big quantities can harm you or even kill you if you put it in your mouth. (you can however touch violet and black phosphorous with your hands)
2) Try to work with it in inert atmosphere or under water so it does not catch fire (this is just for the white phosphorus, the red, violet and black allotropes are much less reactive)
3) The fumes that forms after get it from the water are not that toxic (because they are formed mostly out of phosphoric acid - and that can be even found in coca-cola !), so work with it in a well ventilated area and don't smell the fumes directly.(also, not applicable to the other stable forms of phosphorus that do not fume in open air)
mercury, cadmium, beryllium, lead, antimony, phosphorus and tellurium are all on the same level of toxicity.
However you should not touch the tellurium, white phosporus and cadmium with your hands (they can cross the skin barrier way easier).
You may be ok touching mercury, beryllium, lead, color phosphorus and antimony, but you should know that washing your hands with bleach and soap in water after touching them is a must. You do not want to lick your fingers with some of those elements on them !
And you should know that Thallium, Arsenic and Polonium are the big no-no's. This elements are from hell - highly toxic and, probably, carcinogenic just to the touch.
Other dangerous elements are:
-Bromine -> probably just as toxic as beryllium - but in a liquid volatile form
-Fluorine -> no description needed
-Rubidium&Caesium -> Reactive heavy metals that go KABOOM with water, what do you expect ?
-Strontium&Barium -> Also heavy reactive metals that react rapidly with water but don't explode
-Did anyone mentioned that Osmium is known for reacting with oxygen to form osmium tetroxide (a harmful gas)
"But.. not without the mandatory safety instructions..."
"Mmmphmh, mMmhmmhh, mhmhmhhmphhmh."
My grandfather was in WWII and fought the Japanese on the island of Okinawa. He was hit by enemy fire and one of the bullets detonated a white phosphorus grenade inside his grenade pouch on his waist belt. He was severely burned across his lower body and legs and only survived because his fellow soldiers covered him in sand to stop the fire. He was affected by his injuries for his entire life, really horrible stuff.
Yes, it really shouldn't be in a warfield at all in my opinion. There are many sad stories about WP used in war.
what did your neighbors think about the fumes? oh wait maybe they are already dead
God I'm jealous of them now
@@pleasehelpicanneverthinkof5026 XDn't
Great video as always. The end where you repacked the phosphorus back with double water and another box put a smile on my face :D It also shows how dangerous this is if you store it like that :)
Thanks!
At first I considered storing this in my garage - outside my house. The problem is the freezing temperatures at winter in Denmark. Freezing water expands and could break the container so after thawing the phosphorus would be free and my garage would burn down...
So I have to store this inside and I chose a triple packaging. I really respect this sample :)
Brainiac75 why not use salty water to keep it from freezing
+click353 I'm not entirely sure about this, but the salts in the water may or may not react with the phosphorus, albeit salts are stable, white phosphorus is not.
I saw white phosphorus once, it made my jaw drop.
+Hakkı Oktay Literally!
+Hakkı Oktay i c what u did there
Ooo türk varmış yaa
dam 100k now great channel
Thanks, the last couple of years have been insane for my channel :)
Nice to see another video from you. Always a pleasure.
That was really cool cheers Brian I Loved this video thanks for the hard work!
Very interresting video, and its so scarrrryyyy stuff :D
Congratz for 25k subscribz! :)
Fantastic video, thank you for making this channel.
Your videos are awesome!
I'v missed you man!! love your voice and all your videos!! keep it up!
Informative and entertaining. Thanks. keep up the excellent work.
+Maxx B
Thank you very much. More videos to come.
Thank you for making this video and handling this stuff so I can watch it in pure safety :)
Great channel! I learnt a lot from here! Keep it up!!
You just earned a new subscriber! Great quality
Your videos are so educational! Educational and very fun to watch! Thanks!
+krisma12234
Thanks for watching and commenting! More videos to come.
Interesting. Would like to see how the element looks under UV light, however.
I like how you explain everything about those elements"it's informational".
Well done! Congrats on 25,000! I was very nervous watching this video haha.
It's been such a long time since your last video that I taught you've given up , nice to have you back and great video !
A NEW VIDEO!!!! Finally. I was just talking about your channel to someone the other day and was telling them I missed your videos.
Awesome video! Keep it up and congrats!
This guy rocks, subscribed!
I knew what's it gonna be when I saw the title :)
thanks for the vid, always excited to see a new one
I like your videos much, even though I don't really deal with that kind of stuff on day to day basis (chemistry and physics, I mean). Nevertheless, you present everything in a great way. My memories go back to school and chemistry lessons and I'm trying to recall some laws etc. By the way, your accent is one of a kind :)
My congratulations for 30,000 subscribers!)
Safety suit out of paper ;)~
i am sure it is more safe to us paper in plastic if it catch fire
Thanks for the Video :)
plastic sticks to you when it melts
I thought both you and braniac were dead or something. Good to see you're both still kicking.
I knew it! as soon as he begun to show the structural form illustration with the magnets. I made I whole work about that, thats my favorite!
Almost a year ago, but still awesome! I knew you were from Denmark, i could hear it in your voice :-) I'm from Denmark myself. But it's nice to know a danish youtuber making videos based on science. Keep it up! :D
Fede videoer, hold det kørende! :D
keep up your videos, they're the best!
Science and deadpan humour. Loving it!
Goodness me. This was a fantastic video! Great job.
Thanks for the answer to my Chemistry Unit 1 PBA assessment!!!!!!
really enjoy your videos - been subscribed to you for some time now - congratulation on 25,000 - keep up the good content and i will keep watching
Amazing how fast it changes color when exposed to air, even when coated with water.
Antimatter for 100,000 subs?
now that i think of it yea
Not a good idea. Antimatter MUST be contained and professionally so. If antimatter comes into contact with any kind of matter, the outcome would be an annihilation event. And those are... incredibly destructive.
This guy makes me proud to be Danish
NeXTSTORMING. Rightly so. Just scroll down the comments of any of Brian's vids and see the many different countries represented there. It is more than the subject matter, in addition, people can recognize a decent human being, and that refracts a brighter light onto all Danes. Plus you gave the 🌎 Leggo's™☑👍
I Feel so dumb watching this, But at the same time. I'm learning as well! Congrats on the 50k Subs!
KnightofDark Dknight00180 Thank you! And I enjoy learning when researching for these videos :)
I subbed directly after watching this video :)
love your videos
just stumbled on this wonderful channel very entertaining to watch but i feel like this kind of stuff is very dangerous haha i plan on watching this more but either way stay safe man
+Jaden Yuki
Thanks and don't worry. I like my life so I put safety first. Put handling dangerous stuff always gives me a little adrenaline rush - very addictive ;)
2:13 - 2:34, tf2 pyro in real life voice
Congratulations on 25,000! Fairly decent Darth Vader breathing too! Great lesson!
Awesome videos!
Greetings Brian, firstly I'd like to say I love metal elements and magnets and I never knew there were do many metals until I found your channel so thank you for all the knowledge you've provided to me and everyone else.
Secondly I was wondering if you'd be open to adding in other things for videos. What I had in mind are batteries. A simple item that most people take for granted every day yet it could be fatal if not properly handled. I figured since batteries come in many shapes and sizes and types that it would be plentiful enough for you to make videos of. Sure I could find information on the web but I don't think I'd be quite as intrigued as I would watching you do it. And since almost everyone uses batteries on a daily basis it'd be something that can relate to your viewers.
congratulations! :)
great channel to learn...like mr wizard feom back in the days..is this a hobby u do which i think is great or is it for ur job
Hej. Thanks for this great video. Hope you keep producing great videos. Cheers my friend from England.
Hej in Danish :). I certainly will keep on making videos. Stuff for the next one has already been bought!
Awesome. Yes hope you liked the little Danish :P.
I have just started to watch your videos because I first enjoyed your accent, but now I am subscribing because you have brought out the wannabe scientist in me, and he is very interested! It seems you have just reached over 50,000 subs, so my question is what will you do to celebrate this?
XANApwns Thanks, and welcome aboard. Yeah, I'm still considering what to do in the 50k celebration video. I will not top this in danger though :)
yay you win a subscriber for the awesome fire!!
+MrMUSIC1981
Yay, thank you and welcome aboard :)
You are amazing! Allotropes unite:) I'm a very big fan of elements and chemistry btw
Ps, my main channel is Beth the Carbon Allotrope. I find carbon and allotropes very interesting lol. You helped with that 😃
+Carbon Allotropes Gaming
Awesome! Gotta love them buckminsterfullerenes :)
Thanks for watching and commenting.
"Don't drink if you're already bloated" probably one of the best jokes I've ever heard, seriously xD well done!
You sir have another subscriber!
Thank you! Welcome aboard :)
dam 100k now great channela
I learned so much it's crazy
Wow man, how much was that sample you got there?? Really amazing video, I've never seen anything like this, awesome!!!
Thanks! It wasn't cheap but not close to being my most expensive element sample (e.g. the shown cesium sample is more expensive).
Where do you get the chemicals you do in your epic experiments? Oh and congratulations on hitting the 25k subscriber mark!
Thanks :)
Most elements and chemicals are from eBay but there are also specialized webshops like smart-elements and onyxmet.
WP is however not publicly available - which is a good thing for us all...
That flaming, sputtering chunk looked nasty. Glad you were able to handle it safely.
Wow I directly subscribed :-)
Can you some videos on top biological hazards ?
Because you have the biological hazard sign in your youtube logo
Learned a new word and suprised my chemistry teacher because of this. How often do you upload anyways?
Abhid Islam Hehe, nicely done. I upload as often as I can. But with a day job to take care of and a lot of time put into each video it is often months between uploads. So it's a good idea to subscribe - then CZcams will notice you when I do upload :)
Yay a new video!
Brilliant channel 👍
Thanks :) More to come soon.
I once played with sodium, and it reacts just like the white phosphorus, but in water. It creates a layer of fumes between the chunk of Na and the water, and bounces of the walls of the beker. It was all fun and games until 2 junks collided and exploded the beker, we think it was because of a heighten in heat, which caused a chain reaction.
Cesium would only have a 3 for flammability because it will not ignite in dry air, whereas white phosphorous will ignite and stay burning pretty much no matter what. It as the ability to react with trace amounts of almost any strong oxidizer
Wow,I didn't know Wine was also explosive to Mentos!
(Oh and the other thing was cool as well)
good video!
This reminds me of when matches were handmade. The women who made them often suffered from a condition called "phossy jaw", which was the rotting of their jaws from all the phosphorus in their environment.
and thanks for teaching me safety on magnets...didnt help not because of you i wanted to see the cause and effect and ive been a subscriber for awhile keep up the good work one day u will get ur own 30 min special on tv
what are the uses of white phosphorus?how expensive was your sample? did leave a red phosphorus stain on your driveway?
You forgot to make the links at the end of the video. Very cool though! I didn't know much about white phosphorous, especially not how reactive it is.
Thanks for the reminder! Hopefully the first viewers were subscribers that already have seen the videoes ;)
Champagne italiano?? scelta giusta, brainiac!
Comunqe bel video!😃
I think your point about Cesium is a very good one. Perhaps Systeme Internactioinal (or what ever, the ISO) should re-classify Cesium.?!?!?!. Cheers.
Thank you :)
Do something with K or Na ... I like them a lot, even more when they make my heart beat .
each individual cesium molecule releases a lot of energy, but cesium molecules are huuuge! so it isn't terribly energy dense. I think the white phosphorous might have a higher red number due to that.
this video is informative and enjoyable , thank you so much for your time sir
W Phosphorous is easy to make at home. But it IS poisonous and the first time I did it I got sick. The 2nd time with a full face respirator I scaled up and got scary sick when I took the respirator off and realized a fan in the window isn't good enough. So then I build a custom fume hood where I can lower the vent pipe inches above the reaction. Do NOT try this without strong ventilation AND a full face respirator with activated charcoal. All you need is a 1 1/2" steel pipe about 4-6" long. Then a pipe cap for 1 end. And a 90 degree reducer fitting on the other (don't go smaller than 1/2"). Afterwards just walk around looking for copper pipe (1/2" wide) that tightly fits in the end of the reducer. You can't glue it or weld it encase you need to clean the copper so just hammer it in softly. I don't use teflon tape either since no real pressure is created and it's easier to unscrew and clean.
What you need is -
Silica kitty litter (pure white crystals).
Powdered Aluminium, 500 mesh or smaller.
Sodium hexametaphosphate, NAPO4 like $6 / lb on ebay.
Everything gets blended in a blender.
I forgot the stoich amounts (can't find my postnote) but you use an excess of AL and can find the proper amounts on sciencemadness forums.
I *believe its
34 gms NAPO4
15 gms AL
13 gms Silica / SiO2
Mix up 1 large batch and store it so you don't have to measure and blend everytime you wanna make some.
Also, after you blend everything you should grind the ingredients together in a mortar and pestle. The reaction works with just a blender mix but the blender has problems getting the silica fine which reduces yield.
Now all you do is unscrew the cap from your steel pipe. Fill it 1/2 the way with powder (never fill it more than 3/4). You want some air cause the powder will expand.
Hang the pipe horizontally with some wires / hangers.
Keep the copper distiller vertical.
Make it go down into a narrow glass of water. I use a regular drinking class. And my copper distiller pipe is around 8" long or so I submerge about 6" of it in the ice water.
NOW all you need are 2 propane torches. You start off with 1 torch using ONLY the cool tip of the flame. Just leave it pointing at the bottom to let the steel get hot enough to drive off water. Let it sit for at least 5 mins to ensure every bit of moisture is driven out of the reaction powder. If you do not do this, poisonous phosphine will be produced when you cook. So just make sure it's dry but do NOT overheat it too soon otherwise the reaction will go off early.
When you're confident that the chamber & powder are dry, it's time to ignite the powder. Light up a 2nd propane torch. It's useful to have a bunch of clamps so you can clamp both torches and point them at the chamber (so your hands are free).
I generally shut off the first torch. Clamp both torches in position them light them off and turn the heat up as high as it goes.
Point 1 torch at the closed, thick steel cap.
Point the other at the MIDDLE of the reaction pipe.
Don't point either torch at the reducer. Just let it get hot on its own so the WP stays in vapor state till it hits the copper tube.
The powder will go off in the pipe exactly like thermite does. So the reaction starts and ends in seconds. When it goes off you'll see a ton of bubbles coming out of the copper tube and the water will get milky. You'll also see smoke which should be vented out immediately. After the reaction is over, just let both torches continue cooking the slag inside the pipe to drive off any trapped WP.
15 mins is usually good enough for small amounts like this.
Very important. When you end the reaction you wanna lift the copper out but keep the tip in the water. Then hold one torch with your hand going up and down the copper tube so any WP that solidified in the tube will drop down into the water and harden. Just do this till you see no more WP coming out. You also need to keep the steel chamber hot too (use the other torch).
When you are completely done MAKE SURE the pipe is removed from the water BEFORE the heat is turned off. This is very important. If the pipe creates a vacuum when the temp drops it will pull water inside leading to a steam explosion.
Now all you do is heat the water to 50C. All the WP particles will melt together into 1 solid piece.
ps. If you do this you can replace the Aluminum with a mixture of 50% Aluminum, 20% Magnesium (powder) and 30% Carbon (coal powder). This mixture is cheaper, produces better / white phosphorous, reacts more complete, you'll get better yields from it. AL by itself works fine but the "white" phosphorous usually comes out yellow to orange looking.
Thanks!
In other words, like the Dane said, the only safe way to handle white phosphorus is not to do so at all!
Micah Newman For most people I'd say yes. But I'm at a point now that makes my old method look really crude (which it was). I built a sand forge. Got 3 cheap pieces of bigger, black iron pipe from Lowes and welded them together. Then bought a TS8000 high intensity torch head also from Lowes.
The whole unit is the size of a 1 gallon steel paint can. And the main pipe is 2" wide. I just take it outside. Drop the pipe / retort in. Fire it off with 1 click. In 5 minutes the whole inside turns bright yellow and I can distill 10-15oz of pure WP in less than 10 minutes.
It's also very cheap and economical vs ever trying to buy it online. And I also found a way around the welding for people who can't weld. I may do a short video series on it since I've learned a lot. I started off overcomplicating everything. Then over 9 months of slowly tweaking have it down to an art that's really safe as long as it's done outside.
The dangerous part is playing with it after it's made. I definitely wouldn't recommend any kids touch the stuff. But if you're an adult who knows chemistry... if you handle it with 2 metal chopsticks outside it's really hard to hurt yourself unless you get dumb and start mixing it with chlorates or handling it with gloves on.
"This is your fault, goddamnit!"
"Stop right there Lugo."
"But it is. He wouldn't listen!"
"We didn't have a choice!"
"He turned us into killers!"
I think for 1 million subscribers, you should go out somewhere abandoned and crack open your cesium pod, show us /just/ how reactive it is with water!
Im a bit late but u deserve it man
Are using 5.11 Rush series? :D
Btw, nice video!
Thanks and well spotted! It is a 5.11 Rush 12 bag. I'm very happy about it. Seems impossible to wear down...
Been using it for years, still no rip whatsoever, and the ferro fluid video is really nice as well, thanks for making this kind of video
Ohhhh that's what that square with the numbers means.
Indeed I agree.
hmmm..that last bit reminds me of my youth.....shooting over the moon on a star lit night.....lol....
So this is why being stuck inside a tank with this stuff going off is horrifying.
how did you clean up the stone where you burned the sample?
what do you do with the contaminated water?
You now have almost 38k subs. What are you going to do when you reach 50,000?
I have no idea at the moment... But if I reach 50k I am definitely going to make a great video celebrating it :)
Thanks for watching!
I've never managed to get a person bloated...I am quite thankful for that....
;)
it's more like 30k now!
iam from danmark...
you rock :) du styre.
+_Barto_Simpsons_
Takker :-)
All you need now is some anhydrous hydrazine
awesome!
White phosphorous will incorporate itself into the bones, in particular the jaw causing the bone and surrounding tissue to die off, among other things. Here is Wikipedia's description of what happens: See Below:
Those with phossy jaw would begin suffering painful toothaches and swelling of the gums. Over time, the jaw bone would begin to abscess. Affected bones would glow a greenish-white colour in the dark. It also caused serious brain damage. Surgical removal of the afflicted jaw bones could save the patient; otherwise, death from organ failure would follow. The disease was extremely painful and disfiguring to the patient, with dying bone tissue rotting away accompanied by a foul-smelling discharge.
And here is what happens if a piece of burning white phosphorous gets on you:
Incandescent particles of WP cast off by a WP weapon's initial explosion can produce extensive, deep second and third degree burns. One reason why this occurs is the tendency of the element to stick to the skin. Phosphorus burns carry a greater risk of mortality than other forms of burns due to the absorption of phosphorus into the body through the burned area, resulting in liver, heart and kidney damage, and in some cases multiple organ failure.
Would you knnow any good sources to get started in this kind of chemestry?
+momoonetwo
If you are asking where to get chemicals I have used eBay, onyxmet.com and smart-elements.com. But white P is luckily not publicly available :)