Circumduction Gait

The gait of spastic hemiparesis may be caused by a lesion interrupting the corticospinal pathways to one-half of the body, most commonly stroke.
The patient stands with a hemiparetic posture, arm flexed, adducted, and internally rotated, and leg extended.
When walking, the patient holds the arm tightly to the side, rigid and flexed; she extends it with difficulty and does not swing it in a normal fashion.
The patient holds the leg stiffly in extension and flexes it with difficulty. Consequently, the patient drags or shuffles the foot and scrapes the toes.
With each step, she may tilt the pelvis upward on the involved side to aid in lifting the toe off the fl oor (hip hike) and may swing the entire extremity around in a semicircle from the hip (circumduction).
The stance phase is shortened because of weakness, and the swing phase shortened because of spasticity and slowing of movement.
Reference: Delong’ neurology
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