Warhorses Across the Medieval World 1000-1500 AD 中世紀的戰馬 1000 - 1500 AD
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- čas přidán 1. 11. 2019
- This video dives into the different values and approaches to warhorses that medieval societies emphasized across Eurasia and North Africa.
Source Material
Video Clips:
Przewalski's Horse Footage, • Chernobyl exclusion zo...
Jousting Footage, • Tournament Schaffhause...
Arabian Horse Footage, • Arabian Horse - Origin...
Horseback Archery Footage, • HORSE ARCHERY Mike Loades
Ambling Horse Footage, • Joroo mori
Books:
Kelekna, Pita. The Horse in Human History. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009.
May, Timothy. The Mongol Art of War: Chinggis Khan and the Mongol Military System. South Yorkshire: Pen and Sword Military, 2007.
Olsen, Sandra L. ed. Horses Through Time. Boulder: Carnegie Institute, 1996.
Articles:
Gillmor, C. 1992, “Practical Chivalry. The Training of Horses for Tournaments and Warfare,” Studies in Medieval and Renaissance History, n.s. 13: 5-29.
Websites:
mad.hypotheses.org/375
afs.okstate.edu/breeds/horses
www.todmagnai.mn/n/2j
Intro Music Song: 春江花月夜 Artist: 顶斯华 Album: 中国古筝金曲, Vol. 3 (古筝独奏)
Outro Music: Song: Chinese Thunder Drums Album: World Drums: African, Samba, Taiko, Chinese and Middle Eastern Music
Crusader: STRENGTH WINS WARS!
Saracen: SPEED WINS WARS!
Mongol: Logistics wins wars...
This video is very educational, you got a deserved like.
But a little note, in Europe another type of horse was used for war purposes, namely the courser. Famous was the Napolitano Courser, a precious breed originating from southern Italy and appreciated for its peculiar qualities.
有关蒙古马的几个小补充：第一，蒙古马不用铁掌的说法是假的，我去蒙古的时候亲眼看到那里的师傅修马掌，只不过那些牧群里长大的不干活的马可以不用那么注意修理，但是如果是干活的马，那必须修马掌。第二 ，蒙古人（如果是成吉思汗那个时代）会用他们控制的中亚地区的高大的战马来充军。另外他们还会从一大群马里挑选不同高度的马干不同的活。那些相对矮小的蒙古战马，并不是具装重骑兵用的战马，就跟欧洲的那些煤矿里的马也不是骑士用的一样。第三，蒙古战马的肩高在明清时期出现一定程度的劣化，这些矮小的战马在战场上面对高大的战马后果是灾难性的，比如八里桥之战就是例子。
The idea of animal breeding goes back millennia.... Many people would've lacked the finances for major horse breeding operations, or would not be willing to indulge in such expensive and large scale projects--but farmers have been breeding their livestock forever.
The point about there being names for roles instead of breeds is utterly ridiculous. Have you ever heard of a bloodhound? Animals are bred FOR their jobs, and the breeds are thus named AFTER those roles.
Still, good video with some great data; I'm glad to see someone making a comparison between cultures. I've subscribed to the channel.
One point with the amblers... Europe had those, too. Riding ponies were a lot more common than warhorses, and any knight is likely to have one or more riding and pack horses in addition to his war mounts.
Thank you for your comment and subscription! I may have overstated the claim that breeding programs did not exist in medieval times. Farmers and herders certainly selected and bred animals in order to bring out particular traits in their offspring, and overtime this can produce a breed. But, things like recording pedigree and isolating populations is difficult and requires institutional power which did not exist in Europe when it came to horses. Dog breeds can be created fairly quickly and easily compared to horses.
In Medieval Europe, words like destrier, rouncy, charger, or carthorse did not refer to particular genetic populations of horses, but rather only referred to the role the horse performed. If all destriers in europe or even France were related, then a breed called the "French Destrier" could theoretically exist, but the horses which fulfilled these roles were a mixed lot and thus not a "breed" in the genetic sense of the word. The scholarly literature is all in agreement on this point as far as I can tell. You can see an example here mad.hypotheses.org/375 or check the video description for more sources if you want to take a deeper dive.
Also, amblers did exist in Europe and were prized riding horses. The reason that I didn't include them in the video was because I wanted to keep things from getting too long and the focus was primarily on the ideal warhorses of these respective cultures and regions as opposed to all horses from all of these places which could quickly get out of hand. Thank you again for subscribing and let me know if you have any other thoughts!
@@thescholar-general5975 Thanks for the reply. Yeah, it was still mostly trial and error, in the past, so the issue was largely that the overstatement could be misleading. I don't want people to misunderstand, and later tell me that, "actually, animal breeding didn't exist in the middle ages."
The economics of the past made horse breeding a lot less effective and messy, to the extent that establishing a system of pedigrees would be pretty pointless. Cheaper animals like sheep, dogs, and poultry have been more effectively bred, to compare. The bloodhound I mentioned is descended from some medieval hunting dog, for example, and sheep lost the ability to survive in the wild without a shepherd long ago.
With ancient and medieval breeding, it was closer to adapted mutts than pedigrees. Most people, even nobles, they can't afford to breed a thousand or more specially selected horses to create the ultimate cart horse. Thus, there wasn't one breed of carthorse, there were more like a hundred "strains" of them, and you selected the ones with the best traits for the job (warhorses having the highest standards). Often this got muddled by the fact that your healthiest and most virile breeder mightn't be your best carthorse on your land, or you otherwise have limited options for breeding. Until the invention of artificial insemination, this was an issue most farmers faced; even the major farms would suffer from this, until international trade made it easy to purchase a desired breed of horse.
Over time, however, good riding horses would be bred with other riding horses, and you would get breeds like the Icelandic Amblers occurring just by market economics and the skill of farmers and breeders. So, essentially they did have breeding in the ancient and medieval worlds, it was just a lot slower than what we could later do with a more developed economy (better genetic science helped, too).
No complaint on the lack of mention of Amblers, to be clear. It does serve to blunt the advantage of Mongol horses somewhat, that Europe had good riding horses. Still, having an abundance of Amblers would likely have had advantages, for sure.
Thanks again for taking the time to reply. I hope these comments were useful to you. You seem to know quite a bit more than some of the popular history youtubers, so it's good I found your channel.
Hope you are doing well with the coronavirus. If you are still in China, you are likely safer there than anywhere else.
This was a very informative video.
Your video was very informative, concise, and kept on track. I liked it. The only criticism I have is your 'before and after' segments where you're on camera, have very poor audio quality and low volume. You may wish to get a personal mic, pinned to your shirt or worn around your neck. Just throwing that out there for your possible future improvements.
White-Noise Maker I am glad you liked it. Yes, I agree that video and audio definitely needs some work. I plan to get a lapel mic sometime soon, and hopefully a camera after that. Thanks for your advice.
Beautiful imagery. I enjoy how informative your videos are.
Serena Seeley Thanks I am glad you like it!
Very informative and interesting
Thank you
What about the history of war pandas?
This video was fantastic!Im gonna checkout the Furūsiyya,it seems like a great book.
Thanks for watching!
man, audio improvements could have taken this video from good to great
Yes, for sure. My recent videos are thankfully better than this one.
@@thescholar-general5975 I didnt realize this video was 2 years old. I subbed and I look forward to learning more from you. Thanks for the content
@@pixelhistoricalwarriors Thanks for watching!
Great video! But many barbs, especially historically, would also amble.
thanks for the info!