Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland 2010 (Volcano Case Study) | AQA GCSE 9-1 Geography

Case study of the Eyjafjallajökull eruption in Iceland in 2010.
This is the ninth video for the AQA GCSE 9-1 Geography course, and the ninth video of the Challenge of Natural Hazards topic.
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Video Script:
In April 2010, the Icelandic volcano Eyjafjallajökull erupted, impacting not only Iceland but much of western and northern Europe too.
The volcano is located in the south west of Iceland. It is on the constructive plate boundary between the North American and Eurasian plates. Eyjafjallajökull erupted in April & May 2010, and was not declared officially over until October.
The primary effects include:
» Over 1 billion cubic metres of tephra (ashfall) and 100 million cubic metres of lava ejected.
» The ash cloud was around 10km high.
Secondary effects include:
» Glaciers melted causing flooding due to a flow of up to 3000 cubic metres per second flowing through the River Markarfljot.
» Crops were damaged by the ashfall.
» Over 50,000 Kenyan farmers were temporarily unemployed as their beans and peas could not be sold and the Kenyan Flower Council stated that 3000 tonnes of flowers were destroyed. These effects show perfectly how the eruption affected a lot more than just Iceland.
Part of the Route 1, which is Iceland’s main road, was washed away.
Immediate responses include:
» Flights were cancelled, which affected 10 million travellers and cost airline companies £200 million a day.
» Around 500 families were evacuated overnight.
» The Markarfljot Bridge on Route 1 was removed to prevent it being destroyed.
» The Icelandic Red Cross set up help centres for locals and stranded tourists, providing shelter and food.
Long-term responses include:
» The Markarfljot Bridge on Route 1 was rebuilt and roads have been reconstructed.
» New hotels and visitor attractions have been built to make the most of volcano tourism.
» Ash was cleared from the farmland and dug up from the bottom of rivers to make them deeper.
» Jewellery made from ash has been sold to tourists.
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GCSE Geography
19/06/2020
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