Professor Ikram
Professor Ikram
  • 170
  • 892 471
Factors that Influence the Magnitude of Beta
In this video I explain how and why the beta is determined by cyclicality of revenues, operating leverage and financial leverage. In the process I also help explain the difference (and relationship) between equity beta (aka levered beta) and asset beta (aka unlevered beta).
zhlédnutí: 43

Video

How Social Media Buzz Distorts Stock Prices! Key Insight For Your Trading Strategy!How Social Media Buzz Distorts Stock Prices! Key Insight For Your Trading Strategy!
How Social Media Buzz Distorts Stock Prices! Key Insight For Your Trading Strategy!
zhlédnutí 51Před 29 dny
📊 Does Social Media Buzz Around Earnings Announcements Affect Stock Prices? The Answer May Surprise You!😲 In a recent study, Edna Lopez Avila, Charles Martineau and Jordi Mondria analyzed more than 150 MILLION posts on Stocktwits to understand how users' #earnings expectations and sentiments around a company's #earningsannouncement influences its stock price 💹Check out the video! Some very cool...
Estimating Beta| Procedure and Guidelines Using Apple Inc.'s Stock ReturnsEstimating Beta| Procedure and Guidelines Using Apple Inc.'s Stock Returns
Estimating Beta| Procedure and Guidelines Using Apple Inc.'s Stock Returns
zhlédnutí 66Před měsícem
In this video, I explain how you can estimating the beta of a stock using historical data. I show the estimating procedure two different ways using Apple's stock returns. I also explain the intuition behind the estimation procedure and why different finance websites and periodicals may show different estimates of beta for the same company. Google Sheet with Apple's Returns and Beta Estimation: ...
Estimating Market Risk Premium Using Dividend Discount Model Approach | Calculation and GuidelinesEstimating Market Risk Premium Using Dividend Discount Model Approach | Calculation and Guidelines
Estimating Market Risk Premium Using Dividend Discount Model Approach | Calculation and Guidelines
zhlédnutí 89Před měsícem
In this video, I explain the dividend discount model (DDM) approach to estimating the market risk premium. As opposed to the historical approach, the DDM approach is forward looking and more grounded in fundamentals. I explain why that is the case and also some of the other advantages and disadvantages of using this approach.
A Big Mistake that Institutional Investors Make - And How to Avoid It!A Big Mistake that Institutional Investors Make - And How to Avoid It!
A Big Mistake that Institutional Investors Make - And How to Avoid It!
zhlédnutí 119Před měsícem
When it comes to investing, even institutional investors succumb to certain behavioral biases and heuristics. In a recent National Bureau of Economic Research paper titled, "Selling Fast and Buying Slow: Heuristics and Trading Performance of Institutional Investors", Klakow Akepanidtaworn and co-authors provide some compelling evidence that institutional investors make much worse selling deciso...
Estimating Market Risk Premium Using Historical Data - Calculation and GuidelinesEstimating Market Risk Premium Using Historical Data - Calculation and Guidelines
Estimating Market Risk Premium Using Historical Data - Calculation and Guidelines
zhlédnutí 129Před měsícem
In this video I explain the Historical Data approach to estimating the expected market risk premium. I show how you can calculate this number using historical data, and also some of the guidelines you need to adhere to. Finaally, I explain how different estimation methodologies can results in different estimates based on the same historical data.
Implementing CAPM: How to Estimate the Risk-Free Rate | The General ApproachImplementing CAPM: How to Estimate the Risk-Free Rate | The General Approach
Implementing CAPM: How to Estimate the Risk-Free Rate | The General Approach
zhlédnutí 61Před měsícem
In this video, I explain the guidelines on how to estimate the risk-free rate when implementing the CAPM to calculate cost of equity. Specifically, I highlight the forward-looking nature of CAPM, and how, therefore, the choice of risk-free rate should depend on the life of the investment being undertaken.
Is Saving More For Retirement Making You More Indebted?Is Saving More For Retirement Making You More Indebted?
Is Saving More For Retirement Making You More Indebted?
zhlédnutí 80Před měsícem
In this video, I share some very interesting insights from a recent research paper titled "Does Pension Automatic Enrollment Increase Debt? Evidence from a Large-Scale Natural Experiment?". The findings of the paper suggest that policies that aimed at increasing people's retirement contributions through auto-enrollment plans can potentially have the unintended consequence of raising household d...
Estimating Cosf of Equity and Cost of Capital: An Example of A 100% Equity-Financed FirmEstimating Cosf of Equity and Cost of Capital: An Example of A 100% Equity-Financed Firm
Estimating Cosf of Equity and Cost of Capital: An Example of A 100% Equity-Financed Firm
zhlédnutí 87Před měsícem
In this video, I explain how you can calculate the cost of equity (and the cost of capital) for a firm (or a project) that is entirely equity-finance. I specifically highlight two main (implicit) assumptions that need to be made when using the firm's existing cost of equity to discount future cash flows from investments.
How to Estimate Cost of Equity and Cost of Debt to Estimate Cost of Capital: The General ApproachHow to Estimate Cost of Equity and Cost of Debt to Estimate Cost of Capital: The General Approach
How to Estimate Cost of Equity and Cost of Debt to Estimate Cost of Capital: The General Approach
zhlédnutí 105Před měsícem
In this video, I explain the general approach you can use to estimate the cost of debt and cost of equity to estimate a project's or a firm's cost of capital. Specifically, I explain that, ultimately, estimating cost of debt and cost of equity requires estimating the various inputs that go into the Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM).
Why Do Most People Don’t Select The Cheapest Mortgage?!Why Do Most People Don’t Select The Cheapest Mortgage?!
Why Do Most People Don’t Select The Cheapest Mortgage?!
zhlédnutí 331Před měsícem
In this video, I share some very interesting insights from a recent research paper titled "Mortgage Choices and Price Discrimiation". The findings of the paper suggest that, when the time comes to borrow money to buy a house, very few borrowers pick the cheapest option, with many borrowers selecting some very expensive options. The study reveals how lenders strategically design these options th...
Cost of Capital: An IntroductionCost of Capital: An Introduction
Cost of Capital: An Introduction
zhlédnutí 191Před měsícem
In this video, I give a high level explanation of what is meant by a firm's (or a project's) cost of capital. Students will find this video useful in understanding terms like cost of equity, cost of debt, weighted average cost of capital (WACC), and how all these terms relate to the discount rate that a financial manager needs to use to evaluate an investment.
How to Pursue College Education To Reduce Income UncertaintyHow to Pursue College Education To Reduce Income Uncertainty
How to Pursue College Education To Reduce Income Uncertainty
zhlédnutí 66Před měsícem
In this video, I share some very interesting insights from a recent research paper titled "Do Double Majors Face Less Risk? An Analysis of Human Capital Diversification". The findings of the paper suggest that double majors experience 56% more protection against earnings shocks compared to single majors. 🔒 This means that even in times of economic uncertainty, double majors are better equipped ...
Factors to Consider When Deciding to Add a Fund to an Existing Portfolio | Sample CFA ProblemFactors to Consider When Deciding to Add a Fund to an Existing Portfolio | Sample CFA Problem
Factors to Consider When Deciding to Add a Fund to an Existing Portfolio | Sample CFA Problem
zhlédnutí 60Před 2 měsíci
In this video, I go through a CFA problem to show how to think about adding a stock to an existing portfolio of risky assets. ABOUT ME: My name is Atif Ikram. I am a Clinical Professor of Finance at Arizona State University, where I teach courses in Corporate Finance, Personal Finance, Real Estate Finance and Investments (wpcarey.asu.edu/people/profile/810040). Follow me on LinkedIn: www.linked...
Relationship Between Unlevered Beta and Levered Beta | Part 3 of 3: With Debt AND Corporate TaxesRelationship Between Unlevered Beta and Levered Beta | Part 3 of 3: With Debt AND Corporate Taxes
Relationship Between Unlevered Beta and Levered Beta | Part 3 of 3: With Debt AND Corporate Taxes
zhlédnutí 86Před 2 měsíci
In this last video the series, I explain the relationship between levered beta and unlevered beta when the firm is funded with debt AND where there are corporate taxes (so that interest expense is tax deductibe). I specifically explain how the formula changes depending on whether the firm is targeting known DEBT LEVELS versus known DEBT RATIOS. ABOUT ME: My name is Atif Ikram. I am a Clinical P...

Komentáře

  • @asalasadi1035
    @asalasadi1035 Před 2 dny

    great

  • @zan1971
    @zan1971 Před 5 dny

    Ok this terminology is really confusing me about interest rates. You said at the start of the video "interest rates/yields". And you have maintained that. So interest rate is a different concept and yield is a different concept. In fact, here the yield is yield to maturity. You are saying that when an investor's required rate of return goes down, the interest rate (amount of returns) a bond gives goes down as well, which is confusing. Are you saying that because the investor's required rate of return goes down, the price of the bond goes up, so when you reinvest, you have to spend more money to purchase a new bond and so the returns you get will not be high enough because of the increased purchase price? Or is there something else that just makes people issue lower coupon payment bonds because of lower yield to maturity somehow?

  • @zan1971
    @zan1971 Před 5 dny

    So basically current yield is the return that the investment actually makes in a year. And yield to maturity is the investor's required rate of return. And current yield will keep reducing to ultimately match yield to maturity because an above-par bond price will move downwards towards par thanks to market correction. Alright, let's see if I can understand reinvestment risk now.

  • @zan1971
    @zan1971 Před 5 dny

    Hopefully this lets me understand your interest rate risk and reinvestment risk video now. I didn't think in the direction of bond prices which was helpful. But I keep getting confused in current yield and yield to maturity. And then people start saying stuff like interest rate went up and I start thinking about bank interest rates going up instead of an investor's required rate of return. My mind is a mess right now lol. Edit: Wait you have a video on that too what the heck. Actual life saver.

  • @aviadrotem6927
    @aviadrotem6927 Před 9 dny

    4:00 if the odds of the unexpected gain equal the odds of the unexpected loss and the amounts are the same(40k each), shouldn't they cancel each other and still net you the original 320K expected?

  • @FinancialReportingandAnalysis

    Thank you so much

  • @Turakjan
    @Turakjan Před 26 dny

    Thanks for easy explanation!

  • @oliviac8637
    @oliviac8637 Před 27 dny

    Thank you for this video! But I keep getting stuck at the EBIT(1+t) calculations. Could you kindly send me the link to the video where you explained this

  • @peterneame8295
    @peterneame8295 Před 29 dny

    Excellent explanation - thanks

  • @marybellandry2975
    @marybellandry2975 Před měsícem

    Thank you Professor Ikram! Very helpful and easy to follow.

  •  Před měsícem

    Hello, excellent video as always!!! I have one question. In the end where we find that, when we sell after 1 year, our return is 4,92%...does that mean we would NOT want to sell? For the reason that if we held the bond to maturity we would have 5,32% > 4,92% ???

  • @baotranangvo9566
    @baotranangvo9566 Před měsícem

    Thank you so much for your clarification

  • @BaldytheBear
    @BaldytheBear Před měsícem

    Question. So does this include the standard deduction? For example if the taxes owed are 33000 would I then subtract the standardized deduction for whatever that year is? 33000-14000 for example would be 19000 left over that I would actually owe?

    • @professorikram
      @professorikram Před měsícem

      Good question. The calculation in this video is based on what you are left with AFTER the deducions and credits have been accounted for. So, no. You would NOT subtract the standard deduction from this number.

  • @midasinvesting
    @midasinvesting Před měsícem

    Quality work as always, Professor!

  • @safitri7303
    @safitri7303 Před měsícem

    Thank you🙌

  • @samblasc
    @samblasc Před měsícem

    Thanks so much, I was doing but I couldn't find the formula for the last tax rate, thanks a lot!

  • @drewgoebel64
    @drewgoebel64 Před měsícem

    Thank you!

  • @rurikball1504
    @rurikball1504 Před měsícem

    great stuff

  • @kavitakumar1212
    @kavitakumar1212 Před měsícem

    Soo good!

  • @user-kg1od9es5d
    @user-kg1od9es5d Před měsícem

    thank you keep posting. you have a special talent for explaining!!

  • @pearleocean
    @pearleocean Před měsícem

    Thank you so much sir!! I’m self learning for Cfa exam being a non finance major - your videos are incredibly helpful!! Please keep sharing valuable knowledge!

  • @user-kg1od9es5d
    @user-kg1od9es5d Před měsícem

    Amazing sir thank you!!!

  • @lenguyenquynhanh9491
    @lenguyenquynhanh9491 Před měsícem

    Thank you so much! You are breaking the concepr down in a much more understandable way!!

  • @forheuristiclifeksh7836
    @forheuristiclifeksh7836 Před měsícem

    1:00

  • @andreykirillov4436
    @andreykirillov4436 Před měsícem

    Don't let this setback define your trading journey. Keep working hard and striving for success.

  • @OdambsTech2020
    @OdambsTech2020 Před měsícem

    Great job

  • @sc0res24
    @sc0res24 Před měsícem

    Great video, well explained!

  • @codewicked4596
    @codewicked4596 Před měsícem

    How do you start it to look similar to that I'm currently studying npv in school

  • @jesseahernandez
    @jesseahernandez Před měsícem

    Keep up the great work Professor! You’ve been super consistent with uploading 👍🏼🥳

  • @bonjoursaigon
    @bonjoursaigon Před měsícem

    Incredible and very good explanation. Great teacher! :-)

  • @DuyguKarakanSen
    @DuyguKarakanSen Před měsícem

    Thank you for this! How about when the annuity actually grows? How do we introduce the growth rate to this calculation?

  • @abhishekjadhavar4277
    @abhishekjadhavar4277 Před měsícem

    at 1:57 could you please tell by which formula you arrived at 24,761.90 value?

    • @professorikram
      @professorikram Před měsícem

      Of course. I calculated the Present Value of 320,000 as 320,000/1.05, since 5% is the discount rate. From that number I subtracted $280,000 to get $24,761.90. For a deeper understanding of this, please check out this video of mine: czcams.com/video/Iz79J4uDnAo/video.htmlsi=BIYaNxtcUFeTVv-m And for a comprehensive playlist on DCF: czcams.com/play/PLQspRe0CBEvhnGaQi18a8I4v8DvL_HWo_.html&si=6ZGdl8sQpK6dpINU

  • @forheuristiclifeksh7836
    @forheuristiclifeksh7836 Před měsícem

    2:00

  • @joemills2042
    @joemills2042 Před měsícem

    Better than the rest🎉🎉

  • @BrandonPowell-th5xv
    @BrandonPowell-th5xv Před 2 měsíci

    I hate knowing im missing something but the step by step instructions you give tells me ppl like you are missing from the world and we need more people like you thank you.

  • @richardgordon
    @richardgordon Před 2 měsíci

    Excellent and clear explanation! Thanks!

  • @mariojavierjimenezrosario5793

    Great video !!!

  • @heatmikepark
    @heatmikepark Před 2 měsíci

    For bonds paying semi annually, can we consider the discount rate as 10% and coupon rate as 80 while considering the maturity as 7 years? will that make any difference while calculating.

  • @hrm5215
    @hrm5215 Před 2 měsíci

    really good explanation

  • @aviadrotem6927
    @aviadrotem6927 Před 2 měsíci

    i was stuck on a problem for hours and couldn't get the right answer. 5 minutes into your video and I solved it. what an absolute legend. you earned a new subscriber!!

    • @GodsChosen46
      @GodsChosen46 Před měsícem

      Same!!!!😢😊and I tried everything!!

  • @ritafloww
    @ritafloww Před 2 měsíci

    That was soooo helpful, thank you! You explain good!

  • @fio6179
    @fio6179 Před 2 měsíci

    Great explanation

  • @user-xp7xt2bx6o
    @user-xp7xt2bx6o Před 2 měsíci

    Just came across this video, great way to think about financial planning. You were my favorite prof at ASU👍👍

  • @ninajo5323
    @ninajo5323 Před 2 měsíci

    Professor Ikram, thank you so much for the explanation. Could you share the formula you mentioned at 2:10? I think it's out of the recorded screen.

    • @professorikram
      @professorikram Před 2 měsíci

      Hi! Sorry, just realized that the formula got cut off! You can view it here: cmaexamacademy.com/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/Screen-Shot-2016-10-26-at-12.36.18-AM.png

  • @jrs7541
    @jrs7541 Před 2 měsíci

    so which is better? the present value being higher than the face value or the present value being lesser than the face value? Please explain.

    • @professorikram
      @professorikram Před 2 měsíci

      Neither is better per se. If you bought the bond at face value and then the price drops because yields go up (which they HAVE over the past couple of years), then by selling the bond you’ll make a loss. However, if you hadn’t bought the bond before, and by it after the prices drop, then you’d essentially be making a higher return (or yield) than the original coupon rate (assuming you hold the bond till maturity and there is no default risk). I suppose you can say that’s “good” in that sense. So it just depends on the perspective. Does that help?

    • @jrs7541
      @jrs7541 Před 2 měsíci

      @@professorikram thank you for taking time to answer. I really want to understand the concept. How do we get the yields or the rate of required return?

    • @professorikram
      @professorikram Před 2 měsíci

      @jrs7541 great question! In this video, I treat them as given. In the REAL world, it is not Yield to Maturity that determines the price. Rather it is the price that determines the YTM. People buy and sell bonds in the bond market, and the forces of supply and demand determine the price. If a bond is offering is 3% coupon, but people want 6%, they will demand less of it. This will decrease the price up until the point that where buying at that low price will give you 6%. Now, if your question is - where does the 6% come from … well that demands on a host of factors, primarily including the rate the government is offering on its bonds (ie the “risk free” rate), the inflation rate and the default risk of the bond. That’s a separate video! 😀

  • @RealisticWorld555
    @RealisticWorld555 Před 2 měsíci

    thanks man really solve my issue

  • @garycurtis
    @garycurtis Před 2 měsíci

    This is so helpful and explained very clearly. Thank you so much. Would this apply to 2024 Taxes, or have the brackets changed? Also do these taxes cover social Security?

  • @CeceliaLategan
    @CeceliaLategan Před 2 měsíci

    Herrera Corporation has total sales of $3,110,400 and costs of $2,776,000. Depreciation is $258,000 and the tax rate is 21 percent. The firm is all-equity financed. What is the operating cash flow? Can you please explain this calculation to me

  • @wassimabdelghoffar3046
    @wassimabdelghoffar3046 Před 2 měsíci

    does the formula to compute the value of an option change if the NPV without option is negative ? thank you

  • @AlinaPulfrey
    @AlinaPulfrey Před 2 měsíci

    thanks for the video, any way you can share the template?