Brains On Trial
Brains On Trial
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MIT's McGovern Institute "Brains on Trial" Panel
On September 17th, The McGovern Institute of Brain Research at MIT hosted a panel of scientists and legal experts associated with the documentary "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." Topics discussed were issues brought up in the documentary. For instance, how might courts incorporate new developments in neuroscience, like fMRI lie detection, and should they?
The panel consisted of: Robert Desimone, Director of the McGovern Institute and the Doris and Don Berkey Professor in MIT's Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Joshua D. Greene, the John and Ruth Hazel Associate Professor of the Social Sciences in the Department of Psychology at Harvard University, Nancy Kanwisher, the Walter A. Rosenblith Professor of Cognitive Neuroscience in the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and a founding member of the McGovern Institute, Bea Luna, the Staunton Professor of Psychiatry and Pediatrics, Professor of Psychology, and Director of the Laboratory of Neurocognitive Development at the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, and Stephen J. Morse, the Ferdinand Wakeman Hubbell Professor of Law and Associate Director of the Center for Neuroscience and Society at the University of Pennsylvania.
For more videos and other content, go to: brainsontrial.com/
zhlédnutí: 3 983

Video

Limits of Neuroscience Evidence in Court- EXTENDED
zhlédnutí 2,6KPřed 10 lety
Alan visits with UPENN law and psychiatry professor Dr. Stephen Morse. Dr. Morse makes the case that neuroscience data isn't yet relevant to determining intent and getting to the heart of why people make bad decisions. Coining the term "Brain Overclaim," Morse provides a unique and often overlooked assessment of how neuroscience research can effectively assist the Criminal Justice System. In th...
How Judges weigh Sentencing
zhlédnutí 3,9KPřed 10 lety
Alan visited with Dr. Rene Marois of Vanderbilt University to understand further how judges decide a sentence. Marois and his team at Vanderbilt have been scanning judges to see how they weigh criminal intent vs harm caused and what factors influence sentencing. This segment was taken from episode two "Deciding Punishment," from the broadcast, "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." To see the full e...
How the Psychopathic Brain informs about Recidivism
zhlédnutí 13KPřed 10 lety
Alan went to the Western New Mexico Correctional Facility with Dr. Kent Kiehl of the University of New Mexico. Kiehl has been scanning inmates with a mobile MRI unit to better understand the behaviors of psychopaths and the brain activity associated. Kiehl, an expert on psychopathy, tells Alan how this information could be useful when evaluating if a defendant could reoffend. This segment was t...
Did his Brain make him Commit his Crime?
zhlédnutí 4,4KPřed 10 lety
When discussing how neuroscience could affect criminal law, one question keeps coming up: Are we in danger of saying "his brain made him do it?" Three of our scientists weigh in on this notion and how best to avoid this slippery slope. This segment was taken from episode two "Deciding Punishment," from the broadcast, "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." To see the full episode, go here: brainsontr...
Could neuroscience give insight into what a defendant is thinking?
zhlédnutí 865Před 10 lety
A major question in criminal courts is determining if a defendant has remorse for his crimes. Alan visits with Dr. Marcel Just to understand how neuroscience could give greater insight into whether a defendant who says he's remorseful is telling the truth. Just's research at Carnegie Mellon University revolves not only around this principle but if fMRI scans can reveal what a person is actually...
Peer Influence and Adolescent Behavior
zhlédnutí 104KPřed 10 lety
In our story, Jimmy Moran was with peers when he committed his crime, so Alan visited with Dr. Larry Steinberg of Temple University to see how peer influence affects adolescent behavior. In this segment, Alan takes the "stoplight test," a test Steinberg gives participants in a scanner. His research points toward the presence of peers as especially influential to adolescents in encouraging more ...
Saccade Movements and Overriding Impulsivity
zhlédnutí 7KPřed 10 lety
To better understand how teens act impulsively under pressure, Alan visited with Dr. Bea Luna of the University of Pittsburgh. In this segment, Luna gives Alan a test where he's instructed to override an impulse to look at a light. The test gives insight into how adolescents react in heightened emotional situations, like the one Jimmy Moran was in when he pulled the trigger. This segment was ta...
How Retribution and Recidivism weigh into a Judge's Sentence
zhlédnutí 640Před 10 lety
Dr. Nita Farahany discusses what the judge in our trial might be thinking as he determines Jimmy Moran's sentence. Farahany explains what different schools of thought could enter into Judge Rakoff's mind, considering retribution and recidivism. This segment was taken from episode two "Deciding Punishment," from the broadcast, "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." To see the full episode, go here: b...
How the Courts view Age when determining Sentence
zhlédnutí 1,8KPřed 10 lety
If a defendant is 18 years old, he is considered an adult, but neuroscience is painting a different picture, that one's brain is not fully developed until 25 or older. The Supreme Court has made decisions about how to treat juveniles in the criminal justice system. Here Alan sits with Dr. Nita Farahany of Duke University to understand those decisions further and how neuroscience could change vi...
What fMRI Scans tell us about the Adolescent Brain
zhlédnutí 18KPřed 10 lety
Alan met with Dr. Jay Giedd of the National Institute of Mental Health to get a crash course in adolescent brain development. Giedd has been studying the adolescent brain for over twenty years and had some very important participants to scan: his own children. This segment was taken from episode two "Deciding Punishment," from the broadcast, "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." To see the full epi...
The Neuroscience behind Moral Judgments
zhlédnutí 13KPřed 10 lety
Alan met with Rebecca Saxe of MIT's McGovern Institute. Saxe has been researching how people make moral judgments of other's actions. Recognizing the Right Temporoparietal Junction (RTPJ) as active when weighing moral judgments, her research gives insight as to how jurors determine guilt or innocence in a trial. This segment was taken from episode one, "Determining Guilt," from the broadcast, "...
Neuroscience and the Right Against Self-Incrimination
zhlédnutí 800Před 10 lety
Alan discusses with Dr. Nita Farahany of Duke University how bringing fMRI brain scans into court, either by scanning witnesses or defendants, could challenge the right against self-incrimination and how constitutional law might have to change in ways to protect this right. This segment was taken from episode one, "Determining Guilt," from the broadcast, "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda." To see...
Can a brain scan tell what you are seeing?
zhlédnutí 1,2KPřed 10 lety
Alan went to UC Berkeley to visit with Dr. Jack Gallant. Gallant's research revolves around the visual system and how our brain interprets what we see. Gallant puts participants in a scanner and shows them movies, and his computer algorithm recreates what people see while in the scanner. Dr. Nita Farahany of Duke University posits how this technology might theoretically be used in court. This s...
How Neuroscience could help identify Racial Bias
zhlédnutí 8KPřed 10 lety
Alan visited with Dr. Liz Phelps of New York University where he participated in the Implicit Association Test. Developed by researchers at Harvard University, University of Washington, and University of Virginia, this test measures a person's degree of subtle biases when s/he encounters people of another race or ethnicity. Phelps' research could one day prove useful for identifying if jurors o...
The Problem of Racial Bias in Criminal Justice
zhlédnutí 3,3KPřed 10 lety
The Problem of Racial Bias in Criminal Justice
Are there Memory Markers inside the Brain for Familiar Places?
zhlédnutí 563Před 10 lety
Are there Memory Markers inside the Brain for Familiar Places?
How Neuroscience could improve Eye-Witness Testimony
zhlédnutí 2,9KPřed 10 lety
How Neuroscience could improve Eye-Witness Testimony
How Criminal Law views fMRI Lie Detection
zhlédnutí 6KPřed 10 lety
How Criminal Law views fMRI Lie Detection
Why fMRI Lie Detection isn't ready for court
zhlédnutí 6KPřed 10 lety
Why fMRI Lie Detection isn't ready for court
Can Alan Alda get caught in a lie?
zhlédnutí 12KPřed 10 lety
Can Alan Alda get caught in a lie?
When Neuroscience meets Criminal Law - EXTENDED
zhlédnutí 1,4KPřed 10 lety
When Neuroscience meets Criminal Law - EXTENDED
Correlating Brain Scans with Behavior - EXTENDED
zhlédnutí 1,4KPřed 10 lety
Correlating Brain Scans with Behavior - EXTENDED
Alan Alda with Robert Sapolsky of Stanford University - EXTENDED
zhlédnutí 204KPřed 10 lety
Alan Alda with Robert Sapolsky of Stanford University - EXTENDED
The Trial: Deciding Punishment
zhlédnutí 506Před 10 lety
The Trial: Deciding Punishment
Episode two of the 2-part PBS series "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda"
zhlédnutí 27KPřed 10 lety
Episode two of the 2-part PBS series "Brains on Trial with Alan Alda"
Roundtable Discusses Sentence
zhlédnutí 2,8KPřed 10 lety
Roundtable Discusses Sentence
The Business of fMRI Lie Detection - EXTENDED
zhlédnutí 1,6KPřed 10 lety
The Business of fMRI Lie Detection - EXTENDED
What's behind our drive for rewards?
zhlédnutí 1,3KPřed 10 lety
What's behind our drive for rewards?
Cocaine Addiction and the Brain
zhlédnutí 12KPřed 10 lety
Cocaine Addiction and the Brain

Komentáře

  • @Bonfido-vo8qn
    @Bonfido-vo8qn Před 7 dny

    Transcript

  • @EricAnderson58
    @EricAnderson58 Před měsícem

    so the courts, instead of deciding the punishment, will decide the therapy.

  • @alankuntz6494
    @alankuntz6494 Před 2 měsíci

    I'm trying to find out how tall this guy is .Chat bing thing says he is 6 ft 5 inches. hahaha No way. He is barely 5 ft tall. He's got tiny little hands too.

  • @TheFriendlyPsychopath
    @TheFriendlyPsychopath Před 2 měsíci

    In my experience and opinion me having psychopathy is not what's wrong with me, it's what's right with me.

  • @davidwilkie9551
    @davidwilkie9551 Před 2 měsíci

    The only reason for half agreeing with a lack of free will is because we occupy one parallel positioning-location condensation modulation in/of the Uni - sync-duration Superspin verse, and because the lack of availability to simultaneously be precisely somewhere else is the i-reflection containment of everything else in condensation modulation superposition-quantization. Not sure if this is simply contrarian because this is how discussion processes information In-form-ation substantiation, or just wanders off in mutual non compression.

  • @Tregrense
    @Tregrense Před 2 měsíci

    Dr. Kanwishers MIT lecture series on brain physiology are available on youtube. Absolutely recommended! Telling a lie is not a simple thing at the physiological level. As a fanboy of Dr. Kanwisher, I got a synchronistic dopamine dump after I googled "can the FMRI detect lying?". With Alan Alda no less. Wow. Even if science could provide a reliable "lie detector" I wouldn't trust a homosapien to use it ethically. I would love to see Robert Sapolsky, Nancy Kanwisher and Alan Alda discuss the nature of dishonesty together.

  • @robertbryant7492
    @robertbryant7492 Před 3 měsíci

    “ we can make choices and we can deliberate.. we are in control” at the end.. wait what? Isnt this whole argument against free will that we aren’t in control?

  • @marisalombardi385
    @marisalombardi385 Před 5 měsíci

    ❤❤ Alan Alda ❤❤

  • @wayofspinoza2471
    @wayofspinoza2471 Před 6 měsíci

    Robert Sapolsky, no question, you are a highly educated scientist, and you see man as a biological animal with an intelligent potential. However, man is more than a physical thing. You are so right in thinking about man doesn’t have free will. Spinoza, a 17th century philosopher, explains in his Ethics the nature of man, the mind, freedom from emotional bondage, and his relationship with Nature. Spinoza understood that all animals are governed, influenced, and are determined by laws. The law of necessity, the law of self-preservation, the law of inertial, and the law of cause and effect. Lastly, the brain is not the mind. The brain is a physical thing that is the storehouse of information such as memory, and which helps regulate all the systems of the body. The mind is a non-tangible thinking thing. Its nature or essential nature is knowledge comprised of clear and confused ideas. Spinoza explains that when our thinking is clear and true, that God constitutes the essence of our mind. We are not separate from the whole of Nature or God. Spinoza’s God is Nature, a non-anthropomorphic being.

    • @shakeyj4523
      @shakeyj4523 Před 3 měsíci

      Sounds like Spinoza's concept of a god is pointless.

    • @wayofspinoza2471
      @wayofspinoza2471 Před 3 měsíci

      @@shakeyj4523 It's evident that you do not understand what I am communicating. You lack true intelligence, you live as a biological robotic being guided by instincts, emotions, and desires that take you wheresoever they please.

  • @marisalombardi385
    @marisalombardi385 Před 6 měsíci

    The one and only Alan Alda... ❤❤❤

  • @samric2000
    @samric2000 Před 7 měsíci

    Thanks for the video

  • @commandvideo
    @commandvideo Před 7 měsíci

    "We have control " no! That last lart undermined everything. What is control?

  • @ataraxia7439
    @ataraxia7439 Před 7 měsíci

    It does make me sad thinking of how many adults are in prison for crimes they did as teenagers that they wouldn’t anymore.

  • @ataraxia7439
    @ataraxia7439 Před 7 měsíci

    That’s so interesting

  • @yams3554
    @yams3554 Před 8 měsíci

    Yo what's the answer to number 1?

  • @camiorichtofen1676
    @camiorichtofen1676 Před 9 měsíci

    First comment ever in 10 years baby

  • @untitled6981
    @untitled6981 Před 9 měsíci

    Im only 10 minutes in but I think what Alan isnt realising is that Robert isn' t a lawmaker, he is speaking to the neurological reasoning that might lead to someone being deemed a criminal by the legal system but not for him to decide what should happen with jails

    • @shakeyj4523
      @shakeyj4523 Před 3 měsíci

      No, he thinks Robert's knowledge should inform the Justice and legal system. Not write laws.

  • @coldpotatoes2556
    @coldpotatoes2556 Před 9 měsíci

    Barack Obama was petitioned to change the insider trading law for senators and congressmen, so they could no longer buy shares and profit from the laws they were making, 12 months later he quietly changed it back so they could return to corruption. Culture from the president to the petty thug and rap gangsters make breaking the law cool. As western countries experience a youth crime wave in 2023, society is finding that Sapolsky’s ‘going easy on crime’ isn’t working. Not because a better understanding of neuro-psychology won’t help, but because society is corrupt from the top down. Covid 19 tested our institution and it’s not much more than a house of cards. There are some people who are still not allowed to return to their jobs because they refused to take an experimental vaccine, long after Covid is anything but mild and the whole thing goes against the Geneva Convention . My point is, it’s no good adjusting and treating the criminal with cutting edge neuro-science in relation to length of incarceration and rehabilitation, if the prisoner is just going to get out and return to regressive culture, that doesn’t apply all the same neuro-psychology to its institutions and society as a whole.

    • @shakeyj4523
      @shakeyj4523 Před 3 měsíci

      Hey, thanks for letting us know that you completely missed the point. You were WAY too wordy doing it though.

  • @LinaSjfacebook
    @LinaSjfacebook Před 9 měsíci

    Thank you for the normal population without neurological damage. Lina Sj Facebook. With empathy, remorse and guilt.

  • @SteveSteve7590-di2dn
    @SteveSteve7590-di2dn Před 9 měsíci

    True humanist

  • @mstiff402
    @mstiff402 Před 9 měsíci

    Free will. Every single decision we make is based on the collective of our past. There is no free will. It’s just not how it works.

  • @jamescareyyatesIII
    @jamescareyyatesIII Před 10 měsíci

    "Lets have the two of you walk through really noisy gravel while you talk about deep shit."

  • @patrickdunne153
    @patrickdunne153 Před 10 měsíci

    Does the person doing the experiment have free will or are the results predetermined

  • @Farooqueakhan
    @Farooqueakhan Před 11 měsíci

    So Mr Hitler may not be blamed for whatever he did during WWII.

    • @Uturn-x7h
      @Uturn-x7h Před 10 měsíci

      By the same reasons, no human can really judge another human; all kinds of objectivity established by a human, except in scientific matters, is immaterial and therefore all kinds of religious, political, nationalistic, social ideologies are bogus nonsense. They are all psychological impostions based in falsehood or rather completely conflicting interpretation of facts that nobody knows of what nature they are. Ultimately, Hitler is bad because his actions led to loss of lives. Since, we perceive that human lives must be saved or at least not to be ended in the manner they don't serve as biological and economic resources for community, Hitler might not have been an evil person in his own principles. Principles are biases that people entertain for their own benefit; these biases get institutionalised in various ways. Modern Democratic institutions prefer smoking off the lives of the working class and to prevent the eventuality of revolt, they patronise security forces who just need to have good food, exercise and rest for execution of all kinds of violence on commands of superiors in rank. Religious institutions are also allowed to be flourished for the same evil motive. I, myself as a commoner, had to suffer a lot in India to understand the evil nature of human existence. You have to find a good reason for that, otherwise you can not survive; let us forgive Hitler.

    • @shakeyj4523
      @shakeyj4523 Před 3 měsíci

      Blame is useless. If you listen though, someone like Herr Hitler would have been sequestered humanely from society to keep it safe under the idea that Sapolsky posits. He is not advocation for free reign. He is advocation for a shift in though. If you can't cure it, you have to keep society safe from it. But understanding will lead people to research to look for cures. If Herr Hitler could have been cured, he would not need to be blamed for anything.

  • @giuseppeesposito2200
    @giuseppeesposito2200 Před 11 měsíci

    Each bang..

  • @bjornnilsson7982
    @bjornnilsson7982 Před 11 měsíci

    Orre not any weed o Korea?

  • @bjornnilsson7982
    @bjornnilsson7982 Před 11 měsíci

    A lot of helicopters in Mash, but no weed

  • @bjornnilsson7982
    @bjornnilsson7982 Před 11 měsíci

    Beauty is for free

  • @bjornnilsson7982
    @bjornnilsson7982 Před 11 měsíci

    He's not the upper asperger upper button guy

  • @alexanderblack6201
    @alexanderblack6201 Před rokem

    Question! Where it able had one for private to able go in fmri lie Decteor in Michigan? Able enter a test for myself ?. Cost of fee?

  • @swingitjack
    @swingitjack Před rokem

    Easy to preach from Stanford, but his opinion might change if he spent an extended period of time with these “damaged individuals”, most likely not going to happen in the neighborhood that he chose to live in. Very convincing beard!

  • @deadman746
    @deadman746 Před rokem

    This is the most impressed I have been with Alda since his monologue show in the Korean household.

  • @CatherineHaala
    @CatherineHaala Před rokem

    Yes, we are programmed from a young age (before we are born) and the appearance of our programming shows up in our lives. Depending on our influences we can become aware that we have been programmed, find ways of releasing the negative programs (we are NOT our programming) that do not serve us and others and get to a point where we understand that we indeed DO have choice and our lives can be transformed for the better. I am now choosing to believe that I do have choice. I used to believe that I actually was my programming but now I have found influences (Louise Hay, Dr. Bernard Siegal, Dr. Bruce Lipton, Dr. Wayne Dyer, Michael Singer, Bob Griswald and many more) that fortunately allow me to be aware that I had been programmed and that I can choose to let go of my negative programming and choose new positive programming that serves me. I am still a work in progress but I am forever grateful to realize that I do indeed have choice and that I can choose to change my life for the better. I am a victor NOT a victom!

  • @user-hk3eu7bg5y
    @user-hk3eu7bg5y Před rokem

    if 80 to 90% of deathrow prisoners have frontal cortex damage. SPECT scan their brains. and let Daniel Amen give them brain rehabilitation treatments. ''correct the brain, correct the behavior''.- Daniel Amen. -j from my wife's CZcams with her permission.☮️🎶

  • @handicappuccino8491

    If open bionics teamed up with open AI, we wouldn’t have prisons anymore, because your bionic libs will be controlled by AI

  • @TheMeatSucks
    @TheMeatSucks Před rokem

    Lisa Marie Traudt-Navarro likes biology too

  • @jgarbo3541
    @jgarbo3541 Před rokem

    No "actions", only re-actions to the previous "action"...ad infinitum. The organism constantly monitors the environment, adjusts behavioral/survival reactions to preserve the organism...until it dies. All the rest - fashion, philosophy, gardening, is icing on the cake. Sorry. But it can be fun.

  • @CornPopSniffin
    @CornPopSniffin Před rokem

    That fat hippie is loser and a moron Capital crimes get capital punishment Problem solved the cheap way

  • @who_what
    @who_what Před rokem

    the mark of a great mind is when they recognize something is outside of their domain and qualifies their response with such.

  • @amuktadir1991
    @amuktadir1991 Před rokem

    TILL neck.

  • @audriussiliunas1222

    1:54 why is not there yet?

  • @cbpaton53
    @cbpaton53 Před rokem

    ... the 18 year old is an innocent, the politicians and populace that put them into power are guilty of the killing by allowing a gun to be put in the hands of a teenager.

  • @roberthornack1692
    @roberthornack1692 Před rokem

    Who decides what's normal in a toxic society?

  • @usacut6968
    @usacut6968 Před rokem

    So if I get a raise, does that mean that at no point was that raise a matter of free will, even on the part of whoever gave me the raise?

  • @ataraxia7439
    @ataraxia7439 Před rokem

    I think more relevant to our daily lives the the justice system is how we see and treat others. It doesn’t really make sense to want people to suffer just because they because they kind of suck.

  • @jeffthomas5291
    @jeffthomas5291 Před rokem

    Alda- Say what ya mean buddy. LET ALL the poor downtrodden out of jail. Black/hispanic BUT his focus is the poor black folks and they are not to blame. RIGHT? Whatever Alan.

  • @johnforeman634
    @johnforeman634 Před rokem

    It’s so difficult to not hate and despise and want revenge on someone who, say, rapes and murders a child for instance. I don’t know how I’d ever be able to reach the position to say “well, let’s face it, he had a horrible childhood”.

    • @ataraxia7439
      @ataraxia7439 Před rokem

      It’s something you can cultivate. It is possible and it doesn’t take away from feeling horrified by the act and wanting to do everything you can to stop it. You just understand that the reason someone is able to do that where as others don’t even like to think of it isn’t because of anything they had ultimate control over. Imagine you could take someone that rapes and murders a child and you could trivially alter their brain to never want to do that again. Imagine it was as simple as pill that turns them into an otherwise normal person. Wouldn’t it be cruel to not give them that medication? What if there was a reverse medication, wouldn’t we see ppl given that as victims on some level. It takes time & I don’t think it would be good for everyone to peruse but many of us can learn to be more understanding and compassionate towards even the people who do the worse things.

    • @johnforeman634
      @johnforeman634 Před rokem

      @@ataraxia7439 Yes, deep down I know what you say is correct. Yours is a highly evolved analysis of the situation. For me however, my base level desire for retribution would just be too overpowering.

    • @ataraxia7439
      @ataraxia7439 Před rokem

      @@johnforeman634 Hey hope I didn't sound like a heartless jerk before, I completely feel you. I hope neither you or I ever have to confront a scenario like that but if so I think it would be on society to let us feel our feelings and not have the responsibility rest on on us to extend compassion. Maybe someday we will learn how to make it easier to not feel hate but until then I feel you completely.

  • @illygah
    @illygah Před rokem

    Nita Farahany is a dangerous scientist.

  • @ToastedSynapseGaming

    So an fMRI can be used to see changes when we get a certain stimulus, like when we are asked a question, we see a clip or an image of something or when we hear a sound. What I'm more interested in is how they are sending media to a display (I'm assuming it's that rectangular piece that we see in this clip as part of the head cage) or headphones (as I saw in a clip) WITHOUT the device being affected by magnets. That's some fancy engineering that I want to understand. Aluminum wires? Plastic? Mirrors? What's actually happening?

    • @RGAlexanderVision
      @RGAlexanderVision Před 10 měsíci

      Yes: mirrors, and often a projector system. The image is projected onto a series of mirrors and sometimes onto a plexiglass screen. The headphones are built from nonmagnetic components.

  • @jeffjohnson8624
    @jeffjohnson8624 Před rokem

    Free Will = an illusion of sense of control which lowers glucocorticoid levels or stress steriods like cortisol levels. Steriods are Mitochondria Toxic, so the sense of control is important to maintain. cause you need your Mitochondria for ATP energy to ADP energy in order to move. How the world should deal with people who victimize others. The current legal-justice system doesn't work. Please see Daniel Amen's Ted Talk about A Lesson From 85,000 Brain Scans. A SPECT Brain Scan for the criminals and give them effective Brain Rehabilitation Treatments & make them good law abiding people. The current environment for criminals or penetentaries for those who are convicted isn't condusive to making a better world. they can lift weights & exist in a very stressful environment which makes them more trouble when they get out. some compassion and forgiveness goes a long way for preventing crime in the 1st place. "An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure." ☮️🎶

    • @jeffjohnson8624
      @jeffjohnson8624 Před rokem

      A big problem is the for profit jail system run by private businesses so they don't really want the bad guys better.

    • @jeffjohnson8624
      @jeffjohnson8624 Před rokem

      A big problem is the for profit jail system run by private businesses so they don't really want the bad guys better.