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Computer&Electronics
Italy
Registrace 7. 05. 2011
This channel is about electronics and computers, explained in plain english. If you study electronics or computer science or if you are just curious, this channel could interest you.
Log amplifier
This video talks about Logarithmic amplifier built with Op-Amps. A log amplifier is an amplifier in which the output voltage is the natural log of the input voltage. It is used in analog computer, audio synthesis methods and to perform mathematical operations such multiplication and the raising to the power.
zhlédnutí: 235
Video
Phase Locked Loop - basic principle - Digital PLL
zhlédnutí 514Před 14 dny
A phase locked loop is a device which generates a clock and sychronizes it with an input signal. The input signal can be data or another clock. A very common application is frequency synthesis. In frequency synthesis PLLs are used to generate a clock which is based on a clock already existing. Often the newly generated clock will be at a multiple of the original frequency and this is what the v...
Feedback stability - feedback compensation - capacitor compensation
zhlédnutí 269Před měsícem
In this video we continue to talk about feedback, covering the feedback stability and feedback compensation topic. feedback amplifier and feedback advantages : czcams.com/video/gVrJmlx4yJw/video.html
Negative resistance
zhlédnutí 553Před 2 měsíci
This video talks about negative resistance. Static resistance determines the power dissipation in a component. Passive devices, which consume electric power, have positive static resistance; while active devices, which produce electric power, do not. But usually when in electronics you talk about negative resistance you mean negative differential resistance which can be found, for example, in t...
feedback amplifier - negative feedback characteristics - feedback propriety
zhlédnutí 277Před 2 měsíci
This video talks about feedback, in particular negative feedback in amplifiers. Feedback is a very powerful concept and has numerous applications. By definition, feedback is the process of combining the output of a system with its input. it can be said that feedback stabilizes a system. However, not all types of feedback have this property. There are two types of feedback: positive and negative...
Miller effect made easy - Miller theorem - cascode amplifier
zhlédnutí 953Před 2 měsíci
This video talks about the Miller effect which is very important when you want to analize the frequency beahvior of a circuit. The Miller effect is a powerfull approximation you use when a capacitance is in the gain path of a circuit. When the gain is negative the capacitance is magnified so this metod makes easy to find the dominant poles simply by inspection. We see an example of Miller effec...
Analog Comparator high performance Differential Amplifier
zhlédnutí 1,1KPřed 3 měsíci
This video talks about analog comparators. Although the basic operational amplificator can be used as a voltage comparator in some less demanding low-frequency applications, we will discuss of a high-performance comparator where propagation delay and sensitivity are important. We will analyze each comparator stage in the clearest and simplest way possible. Material taken from the book of "CMOS,...
Magnitude comparator
zhlédnutí 433Před 3 měsíci
Magnitude comparator is also called magnitude digital (or binary) comparator. It compares and indicates if the binary number P is equal to or greater than or less than the other binary number Q. binary multiplier circuit : czcams.com/video/I-Wu36SQJIs/video.htmlsi=YZKrY3rjmhyhKrxW Binary Operation: czcams.com/play/PLnAxReCloSeTrpY-9q7ECY8ju8Fpi1mzP.html
Differential Amplifier - the real working
zhlédnutí 990Před 3 měsíci
This video talks about differential amplifiers explained in a clear way. We see a qualitative explanation to see how this circuit can amplify differential inputs rejecting the common ones, and we see also the quantitative exposition to get the main relations of this configuration. We use mosfets or bjts indifferently because the basic working of the configuration is the same. Current Mirror: cz...
Binary adder - Carry Select Adder
zhlédnutí 591Před 4 měsíci
This video is about the Carry Select Adder. It is an adder used in microprocessor when you want to sacrifice area to get an advantage in speed. Carry Skip Adder: czcams.com/video/WmIFFhJYzO0/video.html Binary Operations: czcams.com/play/PLnAxReCloSeTrpY-9q7ECY8ju8Fpi1mzP.html
Gilbert Cell - Mixer - Analog Multiplier
zhlédnutí 3,2KPřed 5 měsíci
This video is about the Gilbert cell which produces an output signal proportional to the product of two input signals. Such circuits are widely used for frequency conversion in radio systems. The advantage of this circuit is the output current is an accurate multiplication of the (differential) base currents of both inputs. As a mixer, its balanced operation cancels out many unwanted mixing pro...
Binary Adder - Ripple Carry Adder and its delay
zhlédnutí 327Před 5 měsíci
This video is about the simplest adder you can build, the ripple carry adder and its delay. Carry Skip Adder czcams.com/video/WmIFFhJYzO0/video.html Carry Look Ahead Adder czcams.com/video/dyQAW_Z-_0w/video.html CMOS Logic Gate Delay czcams.com/video/1X6VsAZczXo/video.html
CMOS Schmitt trigger and its application
zhlédnutí 2,6KPřed 6 měsíci
This video talks about the CMOS Schmitt trigger which is a circuit useful in generating clean pulses from a noisy input signal or in the designing of oscillator circuits. We are going to see examples of both use cases. Material taken from the book “CMOS, Circuit design, layout and simulation” by J. Baker, H. H. Li, D. E. Boyce Current Mirror Basic Principle: czcams.com/video/HNaR60rTXHY/video.h...
CMOS Logic Gate Delay
zhlédnutí 524Před 6 měsíci
This video explains the propagation delay of the main Logic gates: the inverter, the NAND and the NOR gates. By means of these gates is possible to build every other logic gate and these are also the fastest gates. Let’s see why. D FLip Flop : czcams.com/video/G5kYyE-U4-M/video.html Phase and frequency detector : czcams.com/video/2i467dKhOBE/video.html
Binary Adder - Carry Skip Adder (Carry bypass adder)
zhlédnutí 1,2KPřed 6 měsíci
This video is about the Carry Skip adder which is an adder faster than the conventional ripple carry adder. Playlist about binary operation: adders, subtractors, division, multiplier czcams.com/play/PLnAxReCloSeTrpY-9q7ECY8ju8Fpi1mzP.html&si=FhB614G46tgH1niV
PLL - Voltage Controlled Oscillator - Source Coupled VCO
zhlédnutí 702Před 6 měsíci
PLL - Voltage Controlled Oscillator - Source Coupled VCO
Binary Adder - Carry Look Ahead Adder vs Ripple Carry Adder
zhlédnutí 786Před 6 měsíci
Binary Adder - Carry Look Ahead Adder vs Ripple Carry Adder
PLL - Voltage Controlled Oscillator - Current starved VCO
zhlédnutí 5KPřed 7 měsíci
PLL - Voltage Controlled Oscillator - Current starved VCO
BJT linear amplification - small signal - hybrid π-model
zhlédnutí 292Před rokem
BJT linear amplification - small signal - hybrid π-model
From minute 6:25 all the equations vu=expression have the term R_C missing and aren't dimensionally correct.
Right, thanks.
Good explanation.
Thank you
you can master truth tables like this: AND gate is just a multiplication of the 2 inputs, NAND is an opposite of AND gate’s output, OR gate is the addition of the inputs (adding 1 +1 equals 1 since its in binary) and NOR is also an opposite of OR gates’s output
who else is in ai and just wants to write efficient codes😂
who else is here because of Andrej Karapathy 👀
awesome explanation, gave me an eureka moment. grazie mille!
Prego. You're welcome.
Couldn't imagine someone explaining how a simple 4-byte RAM works better than this!
Wow, thank you. I am flattered.
is this the end of the Scott's CPU series?
Yes that is the end of videos based on Scott's CPU. Other videos in the playlist are about CPU but not based on Scott's book .
@@Computer-and-Electronics Thanks for making this course, its very Informative and Helpful!
andrej got me here, definitely not disappointed
Thank you
Amazing video
Thank you
Man oh Man!! Watched only one and this is a banger
Thanks
Why does a NOT gate require two transistors exactly? Why not just use a p-type transistor? It works exactly as a NOT gate even without a n-type
Yes you are right, but you should use a resistor instead of the nMos (otherwise the output Is always connected to ground or zero logic). But in Integrated circuit a transistor Is always better than a resistor because It takes less room. Moreover, there are other considerations related to speed, simmetry, power consumption and IC process which make you prefer the two transistors solutions.
@@Computer-and-Electronics ohh got it. Very interesting!!
As many others, I came here from twitter. I would like to ask a question about a NOT gate. I don't understand why you need two transistors if having a single P-Type transistor, supposedly, already achieves the same effect (outputs 1 when input is 0)?
Yes you are right, but you should use a resistor instead of the nMos (otherwise the output Is always connected to ground or zero logic). But in Integrated circuit a transistor Is always better than a resistor because It takes less room. Moreover, there are other considerations related to speed, simmetry, power consumption and IC process which make you prefer the two transistors solutions.
Great video! the man from the internet sent me here
Thank you
Someone recommended this series on twitter and it went viral. Excellent work 👌🏼
Yes Andrej Karpathy recommended... x.com/karpathy/status/1818897688571920514
there should be option to switch voices now for narrative etc .. transcription is already good
Bro gonna do numbers
:-)
andrej made me watch this
Thank you
Great video, thank you
You're welcome, I am glad you like it.
Very good tutorial.Thak you
You're welcome
Andrej karpathy recommended on Twitter. Congrats bro
Thank you
Andrej recommended it, so I definitely have to watch it.
same bro
Same😂
it was recommended by Andrej so I have to watch it...
Thank you, please can you provide me the link or video in which there is the recommandation by Andrej? Thank you
cool af <3
This series is really great! I like very little was wasted and there is a high information throughput and it's comprehensive. In parts of it I wish you had gone a bit slower, used more of the simulation software, and maybe pointed to parts of the slides, because it gets a little crazy especially at the later parts. But still quite possible to follow overall, thank you!
You're welcome. I am glad you like it
I feel true honoured for your congratulations about my videos, especially in light of your worldwide appreciated competence and professionalism . Thank you so much
Was recommended this on tpot … you know who you are
Obscure CZcams channel recommended by an anime pfp pseudonymous account? I’m there
Lmfao. I’m here from Karpathy 🫡
Wow, thank you everybody. Can you post here the link or video recommanding this video? thank you
@@Computer-and-Electronicsa couple twitter tech twitter accounts recommened your videos and andrej karpathy a famous ML engineer recommended you later
absolutely love your explanation, animation and accent. thanks bro
You're welcome
Hello! I have a question. In type 1 XOR PLL there is 90 degree phase shit between input and output. And when the two signals are at 90, the average output voltage will be half Vdd. I completely get that part. But my confusion is more fundamental here. Why does the locking occur at exactly half the voltage(Vdd/2)? Any constant phase difference means same frequency. But it locks with 90 degrees difference. Why it locks at VCO's center freq?
Hi, pll is composed by a phase detector and a low pass filter which detect the different phase of two input signals and give on the output a voltage level proportional to the differential phase. This voltage drives the VCO which produces a signal with a frequency related to the input voltage. So the designer set the parameters making the input voltage VCO equals Vdd/2 when the two input frequencies are equal so when there Is no phase difference in the input signals. At VCOinput=Vdd/2 the VCO produces the center frequency which has to be equal to the frequency of the input signal. So the designer makes the locking occuring exactly at VCOinput equals Vdd/2. If the frequency of the input signal increases then the VCO increases the frequency of the output signal making It equal to that of the input signal. The pll is looked but in this case VCOinput Is larger than Vdd/2. There Is a range of VCOinput voltages, so a range of input frequencies in which the pll can follow the input frequency and stay locked. Outside this range pll cannot stay locked.
Nice video. May I suggest an improvement: at the very last section where the four-transistor variant is drawn, its image is clobbered by the ads for the next videos. Cheers.
Thank you I am going to fix it
Well explained!
Thank you
if we want to use it as a rf sampler or a demodulator which one Fref or Fvco should be an input from the antenna
Excellent explanation. I hadn't even thought of putting the current mirrors on both rails, but I bet that helps with keeping the output levels valid for buffers. Have you looked at startup instability? E.g. with 5 or more stages it's possible to have multiple edges in the system - eventually one will dominate, but until it does the frequency can be faster than expected.
Best CMOS schmitt trigger break-down tutorial out there. Many thanks.
Thank you
😍😍😍😍😍 nice video
Thank you 👍
You are welcome
thank you
Thanks 🙏👍💯😊
You're welcome
Thanks 🙏👍💯😊
What is better than this video is your Italian accent. I really appreciate the explanation and your accent man. Thank you
You're welcome sir
thanks
This was a very interesting video! Thank you for explaining it so well.
I am glad you like it
Dov'e` il link all'oscillatore presentato alla fine?
Hai ragione me l'ero dimenticato. Ora l'ho aggiunto alla descrizione. Source Coupled VCO czcams.com/video/GhrJun8bg08/video.html
Thanks you so much!!
You are welcome
thank you
Nice explanation !!!
Ok👍
Thank you
Sir Superb explanation. what a great work Would please explain input output interfacing with cpu so that this course is complete ful meal
thank you very much
Thanks to you
excellent
could you please uploaded more video about electronic , IC manufacturing and VLSI
keep going