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Mechanisms and Logic in Human Physiology
United States
Registrace 28. 07. 2022
This channel is all about helping students of human physiology gain true understanding of physiological function so they can stop relying so heavily on memorization. Learn the logic of physiology and your application of knowledge skills will dramatically improve (along with your exam scores!). As Einstein once said, "Any fool can know. The point is to understand."
Figure 3.25. Epithelial transport
How substances move across epithelial membranes via paracellular and/or transcellular routes
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Video
Figure 3.24. Gated channels
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Types of gated channels, their stimuli, and their general purpose
Figure 3.18. Ohm's law
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The basic relationships between voltage, current and resistance and what these mean relative to the cell membrane
Figure 3.14. Carrier protein transport rates
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Factors affecting carrier protein transport rates and the transport maximum
Figure 3.13. Carrier proteins
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Membrane carrier proteins and how they differ from channel proteins. I also mention energy sources driving transport using these transporters (ATP versus co- and counter-transport)
Figure 3.6. Cell membrane proteins
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Here I discuss general categories of proteins associated with the cell membrane
Figure 3.5. Fluid compartment barriers
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Here I describe the body fluid compartment barriers and permeabilities
Figure 3.3. Fluid compartments
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Body fluid compartments; their percentages, volumes and separations
Figure 3.2. Glycocalyx and an ECF hydrogel
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In this video I briefly explain the glycocalyx and extracellular matrix structure and its hydration to form a discontinuous hydrogel in the interstitium
Figure 3.1. Water structure
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This video discusses the properties of water, and subsequent interactions with proteins and membranes, that leads to the formation of structured water (hydrogels).
Figure 2.22. Cell-cell junctions
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A brief overview of the common cell-cell junctions described largely on the basis of their function (communication, mechanical connection, or limiting permeability)
Figure 2.21. Protein regulation
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Here I discuss the mechanisms of of protein regulation, some of the intentional, some of the not. Protein regulation is hugely important as it is how cell function is altered over time.
Figure 2.19. Protein substrate interactions
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In this video I discuss what happens when proteins come in contact and bind with their substrates using enzymes as a specific example
Figure 2.18. Protein structure
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Here I describe what constitutes primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary protein structure
Figure 2.9. Membrane structure
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Here I discuss the formation of lipid bilayers and how their structure explains the semipermeable nature of membranes and their ability to maintain gradients (or not).
Figure 2.4. Ionic bonding and ionization
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Figure 2.4. Ionic bonding and ionization
Withdrawal and crossed extensor reflexes
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Withdrawal and crossed extensor reflexes
Sensory function - General principles I
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Sensory function - General principles I
Sensory function - General principles II
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Sensory function - General principles II
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If you were able to find the time to explain how the ventricles repolarize “in reverse”(which corresponds with the “T” wave); that would be awesome. Your lectures are very nice
If you're looking for specifics of why certain epicardial action potentials are shorter than endocardial ones, I don't think I've ever seen the detailed rationale for the difference in plateau duration. Certainly, it has to do with altered kinetics of the channels involved (I think I recall someone saying it had something to do with the endocardial cells being squashed up against the incompressible blood). If the question is more about why does repolarization occur first in the last regions to depolarize then the answer is in the variation of the action potential duration. If early activated cells (endocardial) have longer action potentials than late activated cells (epicardial) then this can occur. Note that this is absolutely essential and if impeded the heart is apparently far more susceptible to arrhythmias.
How does threshold increase? I watched another lecture that mentioned the same idea, but also didn’t really explain how. I’ve been curious to know how. Your lectures are very nice
There are a variety of mechanisms, but it includes alterations in the kinetics of the voltage-gated channels, changes to their expression (numbers/density) or changes in the electrical properties of the cell itself (e.g., altered cell morphology can alter how electrotonic current flows and, therefore, opens downstream voltage-gated channels). That last one would be altering how a voltage change affects the channels rather than a change to the channels themselves.
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Great! glad you are enjoying them/finding them useful
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good explanation
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Ha! Glad it is helping her out
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You're welcome!
i need the effects Effect on voltage channels of calcium 2+
Not sure what the question is here. Conotoxins and agatoxins antagonize those channels, inhibiting neurotransmitter release. Depending on if the NT is stimulatory or inhibitory, the downstream effects could be over or under stimulation. In the video I'm using skeletal muscle as the target tissue and ACh is always stimulatory there.
thanks you , These are suggested ideas for exercises in the Algerian Baccalaureate, and you explained them to me wonderfully ,Thanks man
Glad you find this useful!
What is professional phagocytes vs nonprofessional diff??
Professional phagocytes are very good at removing opsonized antigens due to the presence of specific membrane "opsonic" receptors (e.g., receptors for antibodies or complement proteins). Non-professional phagocytes such as fibroblasts or many epithelial cells may also occasionally phagocytose other dead or dying cells using "non-opsonic" receptors that are more generalized.
I am very greatful to you. That is the most detailed explanation i have ever seen. I was looking for something like that almost 2 hours.❤
Hi Here’s my situation Before vaccine I had varicella igg from child vaccination at level 2.5 1 month before first vaccination. First varicella vaccine. 15 days after Igg level 4.5 Second dose 1 month after the first 15 days after second dose. Igg level 1.8 Do you think it’s normal Thank you
Does seem a bit odd....but I'm no immunologist. Maybe ask an expert in that specialty.
Very concise and to the point. Thank you so much for this free content.
So glad you find it helpful. More to come this summer.
Do the phasic receptors send an action potential when stimulus ends in a slow adapting scenario?
I can't say positively, but I would assume some do - remember, there is a scale of adaptation rates, not just fast and slow. I assume you are correlating with those fast receptors that fire only at onset and offset of the stimulus. Certainly could be the case and my guess is it would be at least partially due to mechanical "recoil" of the filtering apparatus (e.g., Pacinian corpuscle lamellae).
Great Video, you really got all the important info, without making it too complicated and in such a short video!
Glad you found it useful!
Thanks this was really helpful, I really searched to get a vivid explanation of the relationship between blood volume and blood pressure. Thank God I found this video.
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Thank you for uploading this video, these examples are very helpful.
Excellent! Glad to hear that.
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what textbook is this??
Same title as the site - Mechanisms and Logic in Human Physiology he.kendallhunt.com/product/mechanisms-and-logic-human-physiology
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